Czochralski晶体生长中非定常热对流过程的数值模拟

本文应用有限控制体算法,采用中心差分格式处理具有Boussinesq近似的N-S方程的对流和扩散通量项,计算了无坩埚和籽晶旋转情况下CZ晶体生长中熔体的非定常自然对流。数值计算的结果得到了某些典型时刻的流场结构和温度分布情况。结合计算得到的CZ熔体总动能和总热能随时间变化的规律,分析了流场和温度场的不稳定变化过程。此外,计算结果还给出了在非稳定热对流影响下的晶-液界面热通量的变化。非定常计算的结果对于研究自然对流和CZ单晶生长,具有理论和实际意义。 关键词：     

棉酚对肾ATP酶活力的影响

本文观测了棉酚对大鼠、豚鼠肾皮质匀浆Na⁺-K⁺ ATP酶活力的影响,结果表明,大鼠每日灌服棉酚半年,肾皮质ATP酶活力未受明显影响,豚鼠每日服用棉酚5或9周,肾皮质细胞膜的Na⁺-K⁺ATP酶的活力受抑制.含钾丰富的食物似可延缓、减轻这一抑制作用.在体外,棉酚对大鼠、豚鼠、人胎儿脑、肾ATP酶活力均有明显的抑制作用.作用方式主要为“反竞争性”的.     

作为栲膠原料的莨薯与荔枝

1954年夏作者之一(吴思敏)曾切开荔枝核,用铁盐和碘酒检知其含丹宁和淀粉;后用温水浸抽荔枝核切片,制成墨水。偶然又发见一个事实,即该核片放置十多天,竟因(酉发)酵及在空气中氧化之故,表面产出多量“韖红”。这暗示了荔枝核可能应用在皮革之韖制,亦同时可得出淀粉为副产物。閩粤盛产荔枝,果核的经济价值,实未可轻视。 薯莨亦含多量丹宁和淀粉,种植亦易,向以生薯原状染渔網,但稍乾则不能施用。因此,既不便     

Lifetimes of High Spin States in an Odd-Proton Nucleus 129Cs

Lifetimes of high spin states in 129Cs axe measured using the Doppler shift attenuation method. The high spin states of 129 Cs axe populated following the fusion evaporation reaction 124 Sn（UB, 6n）129 Cs at a beam energy of 65 MeV. The reduced transition probabilities B（E2） and the transition quadrupole moments Qt in the negativeand positive-paxity bands are deduced. The experimental results indicate that the Qt values of the negative parity band are smaller than those of the positive parity bands, probably due to different γ-deformation driving effects of different proton orbitals. The Qt values exhibit a considerable increase near the band crossing region in these bands. This behavior demonstrates that nuclear shape changing results from the neutron or proton alignments. The signature splitting of the πh11/2 and πg7/2 bands shows the opposite changing trend after backbending due to the h11~2 neutron and h11/2 proton alignments, respectively.     

基于HI-13串列加速器在束γ终端原子核激发态寿命测量的核结构研究

利用在HI-13串列加速器的在束γ终端上建立的多普勒线移衰减法、反冲距离多普勒线移法和快时间延迟符合法等3种寿命测量方法,开展了原子核手征对称性、磁转动等核结构热点课题的研究工作。实验结果表明,130Cs的伙伴带具有很好的手征特性,而106Ag的候选带并非手征双带。根据测量的能级寿命提取的B（M1）值表明,106Ag的正宇称晕带和107Ag的正、负宇称晕带都具有典型的磁转动特性。此外,寿命测量数据还为解释和理解不同的同位素链中展现出的形状演化、形状共存、形状相变及临界点对称性等物理现象提供了有价值的实验证据。 The significance and principle of lifetime measurements of excited states in nuclei are briefly described. By using the recoil-distance Doppler-shift method, the Doppler-shift attenuation method, and the fast-timing technique established at the in-beam γ terminal of HI-13 tandem accelerator, nuclear structure studies on topical subjects including chiral symmetries and magnetic rotation have been performed. Our experimental results indicate that 130Cs shows better chiral characteristics, however, the two candidate bands of 106Ag could not be a pair of chiral doublet bands. For magnetic rotation, the deduced B(M1) values deduced from the measured level lifetimes clearly demonstrate that the yrast positive-parity band in 106Ag and both the yrast positiveand negative-parity bands in 107Ag are magnetic rotation bands. In addition, our lifetime measurement data also provide valuable experimental evidences for the interpretation and understanding of the shape evolution, the shape coexistence, and the critical-point symmetries of shape phase transition in the different isotope chains.     

废机油再生SBS改性沥青性能及再生机理

为研究废机油对老化苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(styrene-butadiene-styrene, SBS)改性沥青的再生效果及再生机理。采用沥青加速老化试验模拟长期老化过程制备老化SBS改性沥青,分别添加不同含量的废机油制备再生沥青,并结合沥青物理性能、流变性能试验评价再生SBS改性沥青性能。在此基础上,采用红外光谱试验、四组分分析试验、荧光显微分析试验探究废机油再生SBS改性沥青机理。研究结果表明：老化后SBS改性沥青针入度与延度降低,软化点与粘度增加,废机油的掺入将会增加老化SBS改性沥青针入度与延度,降低软化点与粘度,且与废机油掺量呈正比;废机油的使用将会降低再生SBS改性沥青的高温流变性能,提高再生SBS改性沥青的疲劳寿命;废机油能够降低老化SBS改性沥青劲度模量,对蠕变速率指标影响不显著;SBS改性沥青在老化过程中SBS发生破坏,沥青中的羰基与亚砜基含量增加,而废机油的掺入将会降低老化沥青中羰基与亚砜基含量,属于物理再生过程;SBS改性沥青老化后,饱和分、芳香分含量减少,胶质、沥青质含量增加,而废机油掺入后影响则反之;废机油的掺加将会使断裂的SBS分子部分溶胀,恢复沥青性能。     

Shape evolution and test of the critical-point symmetry X(5) in 176Os

The lifetimes of excited states in the yrast band of ¹⁷⁶Os have been measured up to I=20h level using the Doppler shift attenuation method. The high-spin states of ¹⁷⁶Os were populated via fusion evaporation reaction ¹⁵²Sm(²⁸Si, 4n)¹⁷⁶Os at a beam energy of 140 MeV. The results support an X(5) structure for ¹⁷⁶Os at low spin. This structure disappears at high spin and shows a symmetry rotor character. The shape change of ¹⁷⁶Os is similar to that of ¹⁷⁸Os.     

2008年陕西卷理科压轴题求解的思维衔接

题（2008年陕西卷理科压轴题）已知数列{an}的首项ai=3/5,an＋1=3an/2an＋1,n=1,2,…;     

铕掺杂TiO2的制备及其可见光光催化性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同铕(Eu)掺杂量的TiO₂纳米颗粒(Eu-TiO₂),利用透射电镜(TEM),X射线光电子能谱(XPS),X射线衍射(XRD)及紫外可见漫反射(UV-Vis DRS)等方法对Eu-TiO₂进行了物理特性的初步表征.结果表明:与未掺杂纳米TiO₂比较,Eu-TiO₂禁带宽度变窄,具有可见光光催化活性.在可见光下(λ≥420 nm)照射下,以光催化降解染料罗丹明B(Rhodamine B,RhB)为目标反应,探讨了Eu-TiO₂不同制备条件对RhB降解光催化活性的影响,优化得到制备高活性Eu-TiO₂最佳pH为3、掺杂比例(n_Eu/n_Ti)为0.05%、煅烧温度为500 ℃.研究了可见光照射下Eu-TiO₂降解RhB和无色有机小分子水杨酸(SA)光催化反应条件及降解特性,RhB的12 h深度氧化矿化率为60.2%,SA的8 h降解率达到100%.通过跟踪测定可见光下Eu-TiO₂光催化反应过程中氧化物种的变化,研究了可见光激发Eu-TiO₂光催化反应机理,表明其光催化反应主要涉及羟基自由基(·OH)历程.     

N-辛基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷与BSA相互作用的研究

通过稳态荧光法、紫外-可见光谱法和表面张力法研究了N-辛基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(OGP)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)在缓冲液中的相互作用. 根据OGP溶液和OGP/BSA混合溶液的表面张力曲线可以看出, 蛋白质的加入改变了单一表面活性剂溶液的表面张力曲线. 蛋白质的加入还使混合体系的临界胶束浓度(cmc*)大于单一表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度(cmc), 这主要是由于OGP与蛋白质结合减少了单体OGP分子的浓度所致. 加入荧光探针芘测量了OGP和OGP/BSA溶液的I₁/I₃值, 结果也表明BSA的加入增大了OGP的聚集浓度, 其原因与表面张力的变化原因是相同的. 在OGP/BSA体系中, 随着OGP浓度的增大, 紫外吸收减弱、荧光强度有规律的降低, 而且荧光发射峰位发生蓝移, 说明它们的结合部位趋向于Trp残基上|同时通过同步荧光和I^－猝灭实验, 进一步证明了OGP与BSA的结合部位是在BSA的疏水空腔内的色氨酸残基上.