A Unified Model of Magnetic Extraction of Spin Energy from a Black Hole

A unified model of magnetic extraction of spin energy from a black hole in discussed based on the theory of black hole magnetosphere.The magnetic extracting power is expressed by a unified formula,which is applicable to bloth the Blandford-Znajek (BZ) process and the magnetic coupling (MC) process.The strength and characteristics of the BZ power and the MC power are compared in detail.In addition,the impedance matching condition for the BZ power is extended to the more general case.     

广义相对论有效势与伪牛顿有效势的比较

比较了在牛顿力学和广义相对论框架中有效势的特征，对比了广义相对效势和两种伪牛顿有效势（PW有效势力和LC有效势）所对应的最内稳定圆轨道半径和放能效率，结果表明，PW有效势能很好地描述检验粒子在Schwarzschild黑洞赤道面上的轨道特征，LC有效势也能较好地模拟检验粒子在Kerr黑洞赤道面上的轨道特征（顺行粒子向快转黑洞吸积的情况除外）。     

非对称引力理论(NGT)概略

爱因斯坦的广义相对论自1916年创建以来经历了各种天文观测的检验而被人们认为是一种科学的、优美的引力理论。近二十年来,广义相对论得到了蓬勃的发展。中子星的形成和结构的研究,黑洞物理和黑洞的探测,引力辐射理论和引力波的探测,大爆炸宇宙学……成了它的广阔的应用领域。广义相对论作为一种引力理论本身也在发展。人们相信所有的物理场从根本上说应当用量子理论来描述。然而广义相对论却是一个纯经典的理论,因为在广义相对论的框架中可观测量——特别是度规张量——总是有确定的值的。过去的四十多     

Magnetic Extraction of Energy from Accretion Disc Around a Rotating Black Hole

An analytical expression for the jet power extracted from the disc (JPEFD) is derived based on an equivalent circuit in black hole magnetosphere with a mapping relation between the radial coordinate of the disc and that of unknown astrophysical load. It turns out that this JPEFD is comparable with two other JPEFDs derived in the Poynting flux and hydrodynamic regimes, respectively. In addition, the relative importance of this JPEFD relative to the Blandford-Znajek power is discussed. It is shown that the BZ power is generally dominated by the JPEFD except in some extreme cases. Furthermore, we show that the JPEFD derived in our model can be well fitted with the jet power of 3C 273.     

An Electromagnetic Model for Jet Power from an Advection Dominated Accretion Flow around a Rotating Black Hole

We discuss jet production from an advection dominated accretion flow (ADAF) around a rotating black hole (BH) in an electromagnetic regime. An analytical expression for the jet power is derived by using an equivalent circuit in the BH magnetosphere. It turns out that a large fraction of jet powers is contributed from the inner region of the ADAF, and the jet power depends sensitively on the degree to which the flow is advection-dominated. In addition, we use our model to fit the strong jet powers of several BL Lac objects, which cannot be explained by virtue of the BZ process.     

A New Approach to Black hole Spin in X-Ray Binaries

A new approach of detecting the black hole spin in x-ray binaries is proposed based on the model of the coexistence of the Blandford-Znajek （BZ） and magnetic coupling （MC） processes, in which the BZ process is used to power the jet emissions from x-ray binaries, and high frequency quasi-periodic oscillations （QPOs） are explained by a rotating hotspot in the inner region of the accretion disc surrounding a fast-spinning black hole. It is shown that the black hole spins of several x-ray binaries （XTE J1550-564, GRO d1665-40 and GRS 1915＋105） can be constrained in a rather narrow range, provided that QPOs and jets coexist in these sources.     

Effects of Magnetic Coupling on Profile of Emission Lines and Images of an Accretion Disc Around a Black Hole

The profiles of emission lines and images of an accretion disc around a black hole (13tt) are simulated by considering the effects of the magnetic coupling (MC) of a central BH with the disc. The MC effects are discussed for both slow- and fast-spinning BHs, and the following results are obtained. Firstly, the width of the emission lines and the brightness of the disc are reduced and augmented for slow- and fast-spinning BHs, respectively. Secondly,the image of the disc becomes dimmer and brighter near the inner edge of the disc for slow- and fast-spinning BHs, respectively. It turns out that all these results arise from the MC effects on the position of the dominant emission region of the accretion disc.     

Screw Instability in Black Hole Magnetosphere and kHz QPOs in X-Ray Binaries

Screw instability of the magnetic field connecting a rotating black hole (BH) with its surrounding disc is discussed in coexistence with the Blandford-Znajek (BZ) process and the magnetic coupling (MC) process. A scenario for kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations (kHz QPOs) in x-ray binaries is proposed by introducing inductance components in the equivalent circuit for BH magnetosphere. It turns out that the period related to the screw instability is consistent with the observations of kHz QPO x-ray binaries.