聚乙烯醇缩甲醛/甘油微栅膜的可控制备及其应用

通过大量实验,发现了制备不同聚乙烯醇缩甲醛/甘油微栅膜(简称Formvar膜)孔径的最优条件,即通过适当改变Formvar膜溶液中氯仿与甘油的比例,可制得所需孔径范围的微栅膜.文中对采用不同配比制备的微栅膜进行了电镜观察,将90%以上的孔径范围进行了统计测量.结果发现:随着Formvar膜溶液中氯仿与甘油的比例增大,微栅膜的孔径有逐渐变小的趋势.因此,在做不同微纳材料的高分辨显微分析研究时可以有选择地制备相应孔径的微栅膜来满足实际需求;同时文中还举例说明了微栅膜的实际应用.     

纳米硒化锌制备中的条件控制与优化实验研究

采用Zn(Ac)_2、NaBH_4、Na_2S、NaOH、Na_2SeO_3,以及稳定剂N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸等试剂,利用水相合成法制备了ZnSe纳米粒子.利用电镜、红外分析仪、紫外分光光度计对ZnSe产物进行表征,探讨了稳定剂、原料配比、老化时间的变化对制备ZnSe纳米粒子的影响,确定优化ZnSe纳米粒子的最佳制备条件.     

A light scalar in the Minimal Dilaton Model in light of the LHC constraints

Whether an additional light scalar exists is an interesting topic in particle physics beyond the Standard Model(SM), as we do not know as yet the nature of physics beyond the SM in the low mass region in view of the inconsistent results of the ATLAS and CMS collaborations in their search for light resonances around 95 GeV in the diphoton channel. We study a light scalar in the Minimal Dilaton Model(MDM). Under the theoretical and the latest experimental constraints, we sort the selected data samples into two scenarios according to the diphoton rate of the light scalar: the large-diphoton scenario(with σ_(γγ)/SM■0.2) and the small-diphoton scenario(with σ_(γγ)/SM■0.2),which are favored by the CMS and ATLAS results, respectively. We compare the two scenarios, test the characteristics of the model parameters, the scalar couplings, production and decay, and consider how they could be further discerned at colliders. We draw the following conclusions for the two scenarios:(i) The large-diphoton scenario has in general a small Higgs-dilaton mixing angle(|sinθ_S|■0.2) and a small dilaton vacuum expectation value(VEV)f(0.5■η≡ v/f■1),and the small-diphoton scenario has large mixing(| sinθ_S|■0.4) or large VEV(η≡v/f ■0.3).(ii) The large-diphoton scenario in general predicts small syy coupling(|C_(sγγ)/SM|■ 0.3) and large sgg coupling(0.6■|C_(sgg)/SM|■1.2), while the small-diphoton scenario predicts small sgg coupling(|C_(sgg)/SM|■0.5).(iii) The large-diphoton scenario can interpret the small diphoton excess seen by CMS at its central value, when m_s■ 95 GeV,η■0.6 and | sinθ_S|■0.(iv) The large-diphoton scenario in general predicts a negative correlation between the Higgs couplings |C_(hγγ)/SMI and |C_(hgg)/SM|, while the small-diphoton scenario predicts that both couplings are smaller than 1,or |C_(hγγ)/SM|■0.9■|C_(hgg)/SM|.     

微藻曝气强化短程硝化/厌氧氨氧化自养脱氮工艺性能

采用序批式生物膜反应器(SBR),在温度为30℃条件下,在短程硝化/厌氧氨氧化生物膜的基础上耦合小球藻构建藻菌耦合生物膜体系,通过改变光照时长和曝气量组合条件的运行方式共运行85 d,分析组合条件下体系的脱氮性能、藻菌耦合体系特性和氮转化路径,以得到最佳脱氮条件及藻菌耦合脱氮机制。结果表明：当进水氨氮质量浓度为(400±50) mg/L时,光暗比(单位为h/h)设置为6/4,曝气强度为200 mL/min时,脱氮效果最好,NH₄⁺-N及总氮平均去除率最高可达92.31%和87.56%;藻菌耦合体系运行过程中污泥质量浓度与小球藻干重c_algae比始终约为5.5,表明生物膜中藻类和细菌的比例达到相对稳定状态,并形成良好的互利共生关系,集中在生物膜外部的小球藻通过光合作用产生的氧气被硝化细菌消耗,因此产生的厌氧环境和亚硝酸盐底物来维持厌氧氨氧化菌的活性;在氮的去除机制中,生物吸收量约占45.71%,PN/A(短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化)过程N₂的生成量及氮损失约占54.29%。     

冷冻电镜技术的应用与发展

近年来,冷冻电镜技术获得了突飞猛进的发展,取得了许多具有开创性意义的成果,为科学研究起到了积极的推进作用。系统地综述了冷冻电镜技术与方法在科学研究中的应用,简要介绍了冷冻电镜技术的流程、发展、原理及解析方法,列举实例说明了冷冻电镜在结构生物学、生物医学、药物筛选方面的研究进展,分析了冷冻电镜技术与其他技术比较所具备的优越性以及存在的问题,并展望未来的发展。