Die Anwendung des Derivatographen zur Gleichzeitigen Dilatometrischen und Differential-Thermischen Analyse von Gläsern

Simultaneous DTA and dilatometric measurements were made and the derivatives of the dilatometric curves were taken for three glasses by means of a derivatograph. Glass blocks were used as test pieces with a boring for the thermoelement. A maximum was observed in the rate of length change, which can be explained by overheating phenomena. A comparison with DTA curves of glass powders published by Yamamoto showed that the break points in the DTA curves of glass blocks do not coincide with the Tg points, but under identical conditions they can serve for the rapid characterization of the transformation range.     

Compositional analysis of multi-element magnetic nanoparticles with a combined NMR and TEM approach

The increasing interest in nanoscale materials goes hand in hand with the challenge to reliably characterize the chemical compositions and structural features of nanosized objects in order to relate those to their physical properties. Despite efforts, the analysis of the chemical composition of individual multi-element nanoparticles remains challenging—from the technical point of view as well as from the point of view of measurement statistics. Here, we demonstrate that zero-field solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) complements local, single particle transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies with information on a large assembly of chemically complex nanoparticles. The combination of both experimental techniques gives information on the local composition and structure and provides an excellent measurement statistic through the corresponding NMR ensemble measurement. This analytical approach is applicable to many kinds of magnetic materials and therefore may prove very versatile in the future research of particulate magnetic nanomaterials.     

Sb10Se10]2+, a heteronuclear polycyclic polycation from a room-temperature ionic liquid

Reaction of antimony, selenium, and selenium(IV) chloride in the Lewis acidic ionic liquid [BMIM]Cl/AlCl₃ (BMIM: 1‐n‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium) at room temperature yielded air‐sensitive black block‐shaped crystals of [Sb₁₀Se₁₀][AlCl₄]₂. The triclinic unit cell (space group ${P\bar 1}Reaction of antimony, selenium, and selenium(IV) chloride in the Lewis acidic ionic liquid [BMIM]Cl/AlCl(3) (BMIM: 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium) at room temperature yielded air-sensitive black block-shaped crystals of [Sb(10)Se(10)][AlCl(4)](2). The triclinic unit cell (space group P1, a=947.85(2), b=957.79(2), c=1166.31(3)?pm; α=103.622(1), β=110.318(1), γ=99.868(1)°; Z=1) contains the first mixed antimony/selenium polycation, [Sb(10)Se(10)](2+). The centrosymmetric polycyclic cation consists of two realgar-like [Sb(4)Se(4)] cages, which are connected through positively charged, three-bonded selenium atoms with a central [Sb(2)Se(2)] ring. Quantum chemical calculations predict semiconducting behavior of the compound and indicate primarily covalent bonding with varying ionic contribution within the [Sb(10)Se(10)](2+) polycation, while the interactions between the polycation and the [AlCl(4)](-) anions are predominantly ionic. The applicability of the Zintl concept to the chemical bonding in the heteronuclear polycation was evaluated by a thorough quantum chemical analysis.     

Design of current mirror integration ROIC for snapshot mode operation

Current mirror integration (CMI) read out integrated circuit (ROIC) topology provides a low input impedance to photo-detectors and provides large injection efficiency, large charge handling capacity and snapshot mode operation without in-pixel opamps. The ROIC described in this paper has been implemented with a modified current mirror circuit, with matched PMOS pairs for detector input stage and its biasing. The readout circuit has been designed for 30×30μm² pixel size, 4×4 array size, variable frame rate, 5 Mega pixel per second (Mpps). Experimental performance of the test chip has achieved 15 Me charge handling capacity, a high dynamic range of 83 dB, 99.8% linearity and 99.96% injection efficiency. The ROIC design has been fabricated in 3.3 V 1P6M UMC 180 nm CMOS process and tested up to 5 MHz pixel rate at room and at cryogenic temperature.