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排序方式: 共有151条查询结果,搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
Mutual information-based analysis of JPEG2000 contexts. 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Context-based arithmetic coding has been widely adopted in image and video compression and is a key component of the new JPEG2000 image compression standard. In this paper, the contexts used in JPEG2000 are analyzed using the mutual information, which is closely related to the compression performance. We first show that, when combining the contexts, the mutual information between the contexts and the encoded data will decrease unless the conditional probability distributions of the combined contexts are the same. Given I, the initial number of contexts, and F, the final desired number of contexts, there are S(I, F) possible context classification schemes where S(I, F) is called the Stirling number of the second kind. The optimal classification scheme is the one that gives the maximum mutual information. Instead of using an exhaustive search, the optimal classification scheme can be obtained through a modified generalized Lloyd algorithm with the relative entropy as the distortion metric. For binary arithmetic coding, the search complexity can be reduced by using dynamic programming. Our experimental results show that the JPEG2000 contexts capture the correlations among the wavelet coefficients very well. At the same time, the number of contexts used as part of the standard can be reduced without loss in the coding performance. 相似文献
2.
Theory is presented to provide insight into the observation that attenuation through vegetation is proportional to vegetation water content. In this analysis, the canopy is modeled as a sparse layer of randomly oriented particles (leaves, stalks, etc.) over a flat, homogeneous ground plane (soil) and an expression is obtained for the “optical depth”. The formulas developed by Ulaby and El Rayes are used to relate this expression to the water content of the canopy. In the low frequency extreme (Rayleigh scatterers), the attenuation varies almost linearly with water content and inversely with wavelength. In contrast, in the high frequency limit, the attenuation is independent of both water content and frequency, in between, geometry dependent “resonances” occur even at the low frequency end of the microwave spectrum (e.g. L-band) making the dependence of attenuation on frequency and water content specific to canopy architecture 相似文献
3.
A. Kussmaul S. Vernon P. C. Colter R. Sudharsanan A. Mastrovito K. J. Linden N. H. Karam N. H. Karam S. C. Warnick M. A. Dahleh 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1997,26(10):1145-1153
We have used spectroscopic ellipsometry to perform real-time monitoring during metalorganic chemical vapor deposition growth
of AlGaAs (on GaAs) and InGaAs (on GaAs and InP). Optical constants for these materials were obtained up to growth temperatures
of 600 to 700°C. This information permits real-time extraction of composition and layer thickness from the raw ellipsometric
data at sample rates on the order of 0.5 Hz. We describe closed-loop control of composition and total layer thickness on AlGaAs-based
structures, including Bragg reflectors. In-situ data obtained on double-heterostructure quantum-well laser structures demonstrate that spectroscopic ellipsometry is an extremely
powerful monitoring and quality-control tool, giving important real-time information on complex structures that would be difficult
and time-consuming to obtain after growth. 相似文献
4.
5.
V. Székely M. Rencz J.M. Karam M. Lubaszewski B. Courtois 《Journal of Electronic Testing》1998,12(1-2):81-92
With the increasing power density in integrated systems resulting from scaling down, the occurrence of field failures due to overheating has considerably increased. Faulty operation can be prevented by on-line temperature monitoring. This paper deals with questions of on-line temperature monitoring in safety-critical systems. First the possible temperature sensors are reviewed and basic principles of self-checking systems including such sensors are detailed, then a new temperature sensor cell with extremely good parameters designed especially for DfTT applications is presented. The basic questions of integrating thermal sensors into self-checking systems are also discussed. 相似文献
6.
D. Bisello G. Busetto A. Castro M. Nigro M. Penzo L. Pescara M. Posocco P. Sartori L. Stanco Z. Ajaltouni A. Falvard J. Jousset B. Michel J. C. Montret A. Antonelli R. Baldini A. Calcaterra G. Capon M. Schioppa J. -E. Augustin G. Cosme F. Couchot B. Dudelzak F. Fulda G. Grosdidier B. Jean-Marie S. Jullian D. Lalanne V. Lepeltier F. Manè C. Paulot R. Riskalla Ph. Roy G. Szklarz DM Collaboration 《Zeitschrift fur Physik C Particles and Fields》1988,39(1):13-19
Thee + e ?→K + K ? cross section has been measured from about 750 events in the energy interval \(1350 \leqq \sqrt s \leqq 2400 MeV\) with the DM2 detector at DCI. TheK ± form factor |F F ±| cannot be explained by the ρ, ω, ? and ρ′(1600). An additional resonant amplitude at 1650 MeV has to be added as suggested by a previous experiment. 相似文献
7.
8.
Karam Asad Dr. Anastasios Stergiou Dr. Andreas Kourtellaris Prof. Nikos Tagmatarchis Prof. Nikos Chronakis 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2021,27(55):13879-13886
The multiaddition chemistry of azafullerene C59N has been scarcely explored, and the isolation of pure bisadducts is in its infancy. Encouraged by the recent regioselective synthesis of the inherently chiral equatorialface bisadduct of C59N, we focused on the isolation of the first trans-4 bisadduct in a simple two-step approach. The first regioselective synthesis of the trans-4 bisadduct of C59N by using cyclo-[2]-dodecylmalonate as a tether is now reported. The newly synthesized bisadduct has C1 symmetry, as evidenced by 13C NMR, while X-ray crystallography validated the trans-4′ addition pattern. Furthermore, the inherently chiral trans-4′ C59N bisadduct was enantiomerically resolved, and the mirror-image relation of the two enantiomers was probed by circular dichroism spectroscopy. Finally, UV-Vis and redox assays suggested that the addition pattern has a reflection in the light-harvesting and redox properties of the bisadduct. 相似文献
9.
The Ramanujan Journal - Let $$s_{q}$$ denote the sum of digits function in base q. The aim of this work is to estimate the exponential sums involving the sum of digits of shifted integers, namely... 相似文献
10.
Hamoud Moustafa A. Allan Karam F. Sanad Wafaa A. Saad Ebtissam A. Mahmoud Mamdoh R. 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2020,324(2):647-661
Polyacrylonitrile/ferrocyanide composite incorporated with cetrimonium bromide (PFICB) was synthesized and evaluated as a novel bifunctional adsorbent for coremoval of Cs+ and HCrO4?. Results of the reaction time effect showed that adsorption of Cs+ and HCrO4? onto PFICB were rapid processes. The effect of the solution pH in the range 2.5–10 revealed that PFICB had the ability to simultaneously remove Cs+ and HCrO4?. The maximum adsorption capacity of PFICB was found to be 41.79 mg/g for Cs+ and 19.39 mg/g for HCrO4?. These values were compared with those reported in literature using other adsorbents.
相似文献