家庭智能管家，引导健康生活

本文针对现代社会人们无法养成健康生活习惯的现状，提出一种简便实用的智能家居系统。本文给出了系统的总体框架，并对系统中使用的主要技术做了简要分析。最后给出该系统能达到的功能。     

高耐热PLLA/PDLA共混物的热性能和结晶结构研究

通过熔融共混法制备了一系列等比例聚左旋乳酸(PLLA)/聚右旋乳酸(PDLA)共混试样,采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)、核磁共振(13C-NMR)及广角X射线衍射(WAXD)等方法对共混产物进行了表征和研究分析.结果表明,等比例PLLA和PDLA熔融共混生成了立构复合物(stereocomplex,sc),同时部分均聚物发生酯交换反应,生成了立体嵌段物(stereoblock,sb),从而在DSC升温曲线上sc晶体处出现特殊的熔融双峰现象;随着熔融共混温度升高,sc晶体的生成率和结晶度逐渐下降;聚乳酸立构复合物的加工稳定性较好,二次加工后,sc晶体熔点基本不变,生成率和结晶度提高;由于sc晶体的存在,PLLA/PDLA共混物的耐热性能提高,退火热处理后耐热性能得到进一步提高.这对于开发高耐热聚乳酸及其加工应用具有重要的应用价值.     

毛细管电泳-紫外检测法同时测定食品中的葡萄糖和多种糖醇

建立了食品中葡萄糖、半乳糖醇、甘露醇、山梨醇、赤藓糖醇、木糖醇和麦芽糖醇的毛细管电泳-紫外检测同时测定方法。食品中的葡萄糖和糖醇在硼砂碱性介质中与硼酸根结合形成阴离子配合物后,在添加了电渗流改性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵的硼砂缓冲液(pH 9.2)中进行快速电泳分离,紫外检测器于195 nm处检测。在优化的条件下,7种物质在12 min内基线分离,标准曲线线性良好(r>0.999),检出限均低于0.1g/L,加标回收率为81.6%~120%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于6%。方法适用于食品中葡萄糖和多种常见糖醇的同时检测。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定地质样品中镉、锗、钴

建立电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定地质样品中镉、锗、钴含量的分析方法。样品用氢氟酸-硝酸混合溶液加热溶解,然后加热浓缩驱酸,再用硝酸溶液(1+1)复溶提取,在选定的仪器工作条件下进行测定。镉、锗、钴的含量分别在0.00~0.10,0.00~5.00,0.00~50.00 μg/g范围内与质谱峰强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.999,方法检出限分别为0.01,0.02,0.02 μg/g。用该方法对国家一级标准物质进行测定,测定值的相对误差均小于10%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.79%~8.45%(n=12)。该方法样品处理过程简便,检测效率高,适用于批量地质样品中镉、锗、钴的测定。     

Specific heat ratio effects of compressible Rayleigh–Taylor instability studied by discrete Boltzmann method

Rayleigh–Taylor (RT) instability widely exists in nature and engineering fields. How to better understand the physical mechanism of RT instability is of great theoretical significance and practical value. At present, abundant results of RT instability have been obtained by traditional macroscopic methods. However, research on the thermodynamic non-equilibrium (TNE) effects in the process of system evolution is relatively scarce. In this paper, the discrete Boltzmann method based on non-equilibrium statistical physics is utilized to study the effects of the specific heat ratio on compressible RT instability. The evolution process of the compressible RT system with different specific heat ratios can be analyzed by the temperature gradient and the proportion of the non-equilibrium region. Firstly, as a result of the competition between the macroscopic magnitude gradient and the non-equilibrium region, the average TNE intensity first increases and then reduces, and it increases with the specific heat ratio decreasing; the specific heat ratio has the same effect on the global strength of the viscous stress tensor. Secondly, the moment when the total temperature gradient in y direction deviates from the fixed value can be regarded as a physical criterion for judging the formation of the vortex structure. Thirdly, under the competition between the temperature gradients and the contact area of the two fluids, the average intensity of the non-equilibrium quantity related to the heat flux shows diversity, and the influence of the specific heat ratio is also quite remarkable.     

基于改进1D-VD-CNN与近红外光谱数据的金银花产地溯源研究

金银花是清热解毒必备良药,市面上金银花来源复杂,最著名的山东平邑产金银花在市场上常遭造假。已有的鉴别方法大多耗时长、成本高且操作复杂,亟需一种快速高效的金银花产地溯源方法。针对应用在金银花鉴别中的近红外光谱(NIRS)数据的一维卷积神经网络(1D-CNN)鉴别模型存在参数量过大、模型效率过于低下、计算复杂度高,同时易产生过拟合问题,对传统1D-CNN结构作出改进。使用效率较高的VD(Very Deep)结构替代传统1D-CNN中隐含层结构,并针对NIRS数据适应性改进,使其可直接应用于一维NIRS数据。改进分为三步：(1)将特征层的设计转为2个约束优化设计：第一约束条件设每个卷积层C值(卷积核与感受野的大小比值)为1/6,可提高网络模型效率;第二约束条件取顶层感受野大小为数据向量大小,实现更深层数据特征提取,并减小过拟合。(2)通过降采样把特征层输出特征向量缩小至较小的尺寸;(3)使用两个1×5大小的卷积层和一个带有Dropout的池化层将数据大小降采样到只有一个矢量的向量替代分类作用的全连接层,进而减小参数量。采集河南、山东、河北、重庆主要产地出产的金银花为样品500份。测试光谱范围...     

自适应OFDM系统的仿真研究

OFDM（正交频分复用）是一种无线环境下的高速传输技术,适合在多径传播和多普勒频移的无线移动信道中传输高速数据.他能有效对抗多径效应,消除符号间干扰,对抗频率选择性衰落,而且信道利用率高.本文介绍了OFDM技术特点,讨论了自适应OFDM系统,并运用Matlab/Simulnk软件,对自适应OFDM系统进行了仿真.通过仿真结果的对比得出结论,在相同的信道信噪比（SNR）下,自适应的OFDM系统比传统的OFDM系统有更低的误比特率（BER）.     

Influence of annealing conditions on impurity species in arsenic-doped HgCdTe grown by molecular beam epitaxy

Based on our previous work,the influence of annealing conditions on impurity species in in-situ arsenic (As)-doped Hg 1 x Cd x Te (x ≈ 0.3) grown by molecular beam epitaxy has been systematically investigated by modulated photoluminescence spectra.The results show that (i) the doped-As acting as undesirable shallow/deep levels in as-grown can be optimized under proper annealing conditions and the physical mechanism of the disadvantage of high activation temperature,commonly assumed to be more favourable for As activation,has been discussed as compared with the reports in the As-implanted HgCdTe epilayers (x ≈ 0.39),(ii) the density of V Hg has an evident effect on the determination of bandgap (or composition) of epilayers and the excessive introduction of V Hg will lead to a short-wavelength shift of epilayers,and (iii) the V Hg prefers forming the V Hg-As Hg complex when the inactivated-As (As Hg or related) coexists in a certain density,which makes it difficult to annihilate V Hg in As-doped epilayers.As a result,the bandedge electronic structures of epilayers under different conditions have been drawn as a brief guideline for preparing extrinsic p-type epilayers or related devices.     

膜富集固相萃取-漫反射光谱法快速测定食品中柠檬黄北大核心CSCD

色素作为食品中常用的添加剂,近年来受到广泛关注。人工合成色素通常较天然色素色彩鲜艳、坚牢度大、稳定性强、价格低廉,所以有着广泛的应用[1]。柠檬黄是人工合成黄色素中具有代表性的一种,其为橙黄色均匀粉末,可溶于水,耐热性、耐光性等均好,被广泛用于饮料、固体食品中,但柠檬黄分子中含有苯环等结构,具有毒性,食品中最大使用量为100 mg·L-1[2]。因此,检测饮料中柠檬黄十分重要。     

基于虚拟孔径扩展的非均匀稀疏阵无模糊测向算法

针对常规均匀线阵DOA估计中可估计信源数目不足的问题,提出了一种基于虚拟孔径扩展的非均匀稀疏阵无模糊测向算法。该算法在传统MUSIC算法模型基础上,首先对阵列接收信号协方差矩阵进行向量化处理,通过Khatri-Rao积运算实现孔径扩展,提高了阵列自由度。然后利用任意阵列下的空间平滑恢复新协方差矩阵的秩,最后通过MUSIC算法进行DOA估计。仿真实验结果表明,与传统MUSIC算法相比,该算法可以在阵元数目小于信源数目的条件下实现DOA估计,大大增加了可估计信源数目,同时在低信噪比、小快拍条件下仍能得到DOA估计结果。