High temperature characteristics of bilayer epitaxial graphene field-effect transistors on SiC Substrate

In this paper,high temperature direct current(DC) performance of bilayer epitaxial graphene device on SiC substrate is studied in a temperature range from 25℃ to 200℃.At a gate voltage of-8 V(far from Dirac point),the drainsource current decreases obviously with increasing temperature,but it has little change at a gate bias of +8 V(near Dirac point).The competing interactions between scattering and thermal activation are responsible for the different reduction tendencies.Four different kinds of scatterings are taken into account to qualitatively analyze the carrier mobility under different temperatures.The devices exhibit almost unchanged DC performances after high temperature measurements at 200℃ for 5 hours in air ambience,demonstrating the high thermal stabilities of the bilayer epitaxial graphene devices.     

Radio-Frequency Performance of Epitaxial Graphene Field-Effect Transistors on Sapphire Substrates

We report dc and the first-ever measured small signal rf performance of epitaxial graphene field-effect transistors （GFETs）, where the epitaxial graphene is grown by chemical vapor deposition （CVD） on a 2-inch c-plane sapphire substrate. Our epitaxial graphene material has a good flatness and uniformity due to the low carbon concentration during the graphene growth. With a gate length Lg = 100 nm, the maximum drain source current Ids and peak transconductance gm reach 0.92 A/mm and 0.143 S/mm, respectively, which are the highest results reported for GFETs directly grown on sapphire. The extrinsic cutoff frequency （fT） and maximum oscillation frequency （fmax） of the device are 12 GHz and 9.5 GHz, and up to 32 GHz and 21.5 GHz after de-embedding, respectively. Our work proves that epitaxial graphene on sapphire substrates is a promising candidate for rf electronics.     

电子级金刚石材料生长及其MESFET器件特性

采用直流电弧喷射法制备了电子级自支撑金刚石材料。采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)观察金刚石膜表面形貌,用Raman光谱仪和X射线衍射仪进行晶体分析及表征,结果表明,金刚石薄膜为(110)择优取向,厚度均匀,电学性能稳定。研究了抛光转速和压力对金刚石膜抛光效率的影响,抛光处理后金刚石表面粗糙度(R ms)为0.569 nm。采用氢等离子体处理方法对该样品进行处理形成p型表面沟道,并采用自对准工艺制作出具有射频特性的金刚石场效应晶体管,其饱和电流密度为330.9 mA/mm,电流截止频率f T为9.3 GHz,最大振荡频率f max为18.5 GHz。     

蓝宝石衬底上化学气相沉积法生长石墨烯

化学气相沉积(CVD)法是制备大面积、高质量石墨烯材料的主要方法之一,但存在衬底转移和碳固溶等问题,本文选用蓝宝石衬底弥补了传统CVD法的不足。利用CVD法在蓝宝石衬底上生长石墨烯材料,研究生长温度对石墨烯表面形貌和晶体质量的影响。原子力显微镜(AFM)、光学显微镜(OM)、拉曼光谱和霍尔测试表明,低温生长有利于保持材料表面的平整度,高温生长有利于提高材料的晶体质量。研究氢气和碳源对蓝宝石衬底表面刻蚀作用机理,发现氢气对蓝宝石衬底有刻蚀作用,而单纯的碳源不能对衬底产生刻蚀效果。在1200 ℃下,直径为50 mm的晶圆级衬底上获得平整度和质量相对较好的石墨烯材料,室温下载流子迁移超过1000 cm²·V^-1·s^-1。     

SiC（0001）面衬底上自氧化栅介质和自对准形成石墨烯场效应晶体管

A scalable self-aligned approach is employed to fabricate monolayer graphene field-effect transistors on semi-insulated 4H-SiC （0001） substrates. The self-aligned process minimized access resistance and parasitic capacitance. Self-oxidized Al2O3, formed by deposition of 2 nm A1 followed by exposure in air to be oxidized, is used as gate dielectric and shows excellent insulation. An intrinsic cutoff frequency of 34 GHz and maximum oscillation frequency of 36.4 GHz are realized for the monolayer graphene field-effect transistor with a gate length of 0.2 μm. These studies show a pathway to fabricate graphene transistors for future applications in ultra-high frequency circuits.     

碳化硅衬底外延石墨烯

通过高温热解法和化学气相沉积(CVD)法在SiC(0001)衬底外延石墨烯。采用光学显微镜、原子力显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、喇曼光谱、X射线光电子能谱和霍尔测试系统对样品进行表征,并对比了两种不同生长方法对石墨烯材料的影响以及不同的成核机理。结果表明,高温热解法制备的石墨烯材料有明显的台阶形貌,台阶区域平坦均匀,褶皱少,晶体质量取决于SiC衬底表面原子层,电学特性受衬底影响大,迁移率较低。CVD法制备的石墨烯材料整体均匀,褶皱较多,晶体质量更好。该方法制备的石墨烯薄膜悬浮在SiC衬底表面,与衬底之间为范德华力连接,电学特性受衬底影响小,迁移率较高。     

基于脉冲方法的超短栅长GaN基高电子迁移率晶体管陷阱效应机理

陷阱效应导致的电流崩塌是制约GaN基微波功率电子器件性能提高的一个重要因素,研究深能级陷阱行为对材料生长和器件开发具有非常重要的意义.随着器件频率的提升,器件尺寸不断缩小,对小尺寸器件中深能级陷阱的表征变得越发困难.本文制备了超短栅长（L_g=80 nm）的AlGaN/GaN金属氧化物半导体高电子迁移率晶体管（MOSHEMT）,并基于脉冲I-V测试和二维数值瞬态仿真对器件的动态特性进行了深入研究,分析了深能级陷阱对AlGaN/GaN MOSHEMT器件动态特性的影响以及相关陷阱效应的内在物理机制.结果表明,AlGaN/GaN MOSHEMT器件的电流崩塌随着栅极静态偏置电压的增加呈非单调变化趋势,这是由栅漏电注入和热电子注入两种陷阱机制共同作用的结果.根据研究结果推断,可通过改善栅介质的质量以减小栅漏电或提高外延材料质量以减少缺陷密度等措施达到抑制陷阱效应的目的,从而进一步抑制电流崩塌.     

金刚石在GaN功率放大器热设计中的应用

随着GaN功率放大器向小型化、大功率发展,其热耗不断增加,散热问题已成为制约功率器件性能提升的重要因素。金刚石热导率高达2 000 W/(m·K),是一种极具竞争力的新型散热材料,可用作大功率器件的封装载片。采用不同载片材料对一款热耗为53 W的GaN功率放大器进行封装。分别采用有限元仿真及红外热成像仪对放大器的芯片结温进行仿真和测试,结果显示,采用金刚石载片封装的放大器的结温比采用钼铜(MoCu30)载片封装的放大器的结温降低了30.01℃,约18.69%。同其他常用载片材料进行进一步对比得出,在相同工作条件下,采用金刚石载片封装的放大器结温最低,并且随着热耗增加,金刚石的散热能力更为突出。在芯片安全工作温度175℃以下,金刚石能满足GaN功率放大器100 W热耗的散热需求。     

h-BN/Al2O3栅介质氢终端金刚石场效应晶体管

金刚石是实现高频大功率器件的理想候选材料,但是其较低的载流子迁移率制约了器件的性能,六方氮化硼(h-BN)作为氢终端金刚石场效应晶体管(FET)的栅介质材料有望提升金刚石材料的载流子迁移率。利用商业化大面积h-BN材料,制备了h-BN/Al₂O₃栅介质的氢终端金刚石FET,h-BN/Al₂O₃/氢终端金刚石材料的载流子迁移率得到提升,达到186 cm²/(V·s)。相较于Al₂O₃栅介质的金刚石FET,h-BN/Al₂O₃栅介质的金刚石FET最大饱和电流密度和最大跨导均得到提升,分别为141 mA/mm和9.7 mS/mm。通过电容-电压(C-V)测试计算了栅介质和金刚石间界面固定电荷密度和陷阱密度,h-BN/Al₂O₃栅介质的金刚石FET界面负固定电荷密度为5.4×10¹² cm^-2·eV^-1...