Low-frequency internal friction in complex composite strands

Conclusion A method was proposed which makes it possible to study the low-frequency internal friction of complex fibers. This method was used to study the internal friction of complex composite fibers based on PCA and PE. We observed a relaxation process which is typical of the composite and is absent in the pure materials.Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, No. 1, pp. 11–15, January–February, 1989.     

The synthesis and adsorption properties of polyvinylchloride nanofilms with ligand groups

Polyvinylchloride (PVC) samples with a fairly developed surface were prepared by the spontaneous removal of the solvent (benzyl alcohol) from a polymer gel. The surface of the product was modified to obtain ethanolocyclame and sodium acetocyclame nanofilms. The structure and composition of the nanofilms were studied by IR Fourier spectroscopy. The adsorption of nitrogen vapor at ?196°C and benzene and water at 20°C on the nanofilms was investigated. Surface modification was shown to increase the stability of PVC in water and benzene and the specific surface area and volume of nanopores. The conclusion was drawn that nanofilm ligand groups could stoichiometrically interact with water and benzene molecules on PVC with a modified surface.     

2-arylfuro [2,3-b] quinoxalines

2-Arylfuro[2,3-b]quinoxalines were obtained by cyclization of 2-phenacyl-3-quinoxalones in the presence of polyphosphoric acid or a mixture of phosphorus oxychloride and phosphorus pentachloride.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 259–260, February, 1973.     

The effect of clusters and heterogeneous reactions on non-equilibrium plasma flue gas cleaning

Theoretical investigation of the effect of molecular clusters and aerosol particles on non-equilibrium plasma flue gas cleaning was made in this paper. Two types of heterogeneous reactions in aerosol and clusters are considered. It was shown that in both cases these reactions are essential in the evaluation of chemical composition. As a result of theoretical approach and modelling, the optimum regime of plasma generation for essential decreasing of purification energy cost was established.     

Magnetic field value in the weak energy release region of the solar corona

Spectrographic data from observations of the polarized weak steplike (with relatively sharp growth t 3 sec and slow decay t 10² sec) solar continuum radioemission are analyzed below. The main results are found using a sweeping spectrograph in the 8–12 GHz frequency range (sweep rate 1 sample per second and frequency resolution 120 MHz) and using the RT-22 radio telescope at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory (angular resolution 4–6). In a series of events at the leading edge of the continuum a narrow-band frequency drifting emission termed blip-type is found. The degree of continuum circular polarization (p<10%) is low compared to that of the narrow-band component (p20%). Both components of the aforementioned events should be radiating on the second harmonic of the local plasma frequency in the context of a plasma generating mechanism. Based on the model proposed and using the observed degree of circular polarization of each component, we can estimate the strength of the magnetic field within the area of the source and the width of the angular spectrum from the radiating plasma turbulence. The results of analysis of the real microwave events are given below.Radiophysical Research Institute, Nizhnii Novgorod. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 37, No. 7, pp. 874–882, July, 1994.     

Drift mechanism caused by a nonlinear wave and the Cassini Division and Uranian rings formation

The mechanism leading to the observed coexistence of gaps and narrow ringlets in the planetary rings is found. It is based upon the quasi-stationary radial drift of the matter under action of two forces in the disk plane: the Coriolis force and the Reynolds stresses. To an accuracy of the factor of 2 the first force coincides with the Lorentz force, therefore the radial drift in rings is similar to the gradient drift of plasma in the magnetic field. The second force is produced by the wave generated by the nearby satellite in the resonance position. In inertial systems, the second force alone causes a matter flow in its direction, called acoustic streaming. Since the radial drift is caused by nonlinear time-averaged force of high-frequency harmonic interactions in the wave, it exists in the wave propagation zone: from the birth place of the wave-the resonance position, up to the reflection point of the wave, where its group velocity vanishes. Our estimations show that the size of the density wave propagation zone corresponding to the density wave which had been formerly generated the 2:1 orbital resonance with Mimas is consistent with the width of the Cassini Division. In our case the nature of the radial drift is such that first of all it clears out the farthest from the resonance position; later, the closer areas also get affected by the drift. The zone closest to the resonance position itself is the last to be involved in the process. The matter carried away by the drift is partially accumulated near the resonance position forming a narrow dense ringlet. (c) 1996 American Institute of Physics.     

Disproportionation of olefins on aluminum-molybdenum and aluminum-rhenium catalysts,promoted by tin tetraalkyl derivatives

Conclusions The treatment of Al-Re catalysts with tetraalkylstannanes substantially increases their activity in the disproportionation reactions of olefins and trimethylvinylsilane.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 3, pp. 678–679, March, 1977.