The role of the spontaneous electrooptical effect in the formation of electroholographic properties of strontium barium niobate crystals

The possibility of usage of the spontaneous electrooptical (EO) effect in strontium barium niobate (SBN) crystals for the creation of controlled electroholographic elements is studied. It is found that unipolar EO properties of these crystals with respect to switching their spontaneous polarization make it possible to devise field-controlled holographic elements with reversible energy-independent memory for spatial position of an optical beam.     

Contribution of light-by-light scattering to energy levels of light muonic atoms

The complete contribution of diagrams with the light-by-light scattering to the Lamb shift is found for muonic hydrogen, deuterium and helium ion. The results are obtained in the static-muon approximation and a part of the paper is devoted to the verification of this approximation and analysis of its uncertainty.     

Vacuum polarization in muonic atoms: the Lamb shift at low and medium Z

In muonic atoms the Uehling potential (an effect of a free electronic vacuum polarization loop) is responsible for the leading contribution to the Lamb shift causing the splitting of states with Δn=0 and Δl≠0. Here we consider the Lamb shift in the leading nonrelativistic approximation, i.e., within an approach based on a certain Schr?dinger equation. That is valid for low and medium Z as long as (Zα)²≪1. The result is a function of a few parameters, including κ=Zαm_μ/m_e, n and l. We present various asymptotics and in particular we study a region of validity of asymptotics with large and small κ. Special attention is paid to circular states, which are considered in a limit of n≫1.     

A highly stable holographic medium based on CaF<Subscript>2</Subscript>:Na crystals with colloidal color centers: III. Properties of holograms

The properties and characteristics of the holograms recorded on colloidal centers in calcium fluoride crystals have been considered. The amplitude-phase character of the holograms, with a dominance of the amplitude component, is demonstrated. It is shown that the effective thickness of the holograms is somewhat smaller than the sample thickness. The diffraction efficiency and resolution of the holograms have been determined. A characteristic feature of the holograms considered is their high stability.     

Spatial-frequency version theory of three-dimensional holograms

A spatial-frequency version of high efficiency three-dimensional holograms of complex wave fields has been achieved. It has been shown that a three-dimensional hologram recorded by a plane reference wave may be described by means of a complex transfer function, which is found here analytically. Analysis of amplitudephase wave field distortions, under different recording and reconstruction conditions, has been carried out.     

Hyperfine splitting in muonic hydrogen: QED corrections of the α2 order

The α² order corrections to the hyperfine splitting of the 1 s and 2 s states in muonic hydrogen have been determined. The specially normalized difference 8E _hfs(2s) ? E _hfs(1s), as well as the general situation with the theoretical calculations of hyperfine splitting in muonic hydrogen, is considered.