探索氘/固体系统中的异常核现象

本文介绍了世界有关研究机构在冷聚变这一有重大争议领域的研究动态.许多实验室相继报导了在处于非平衡态的氘/固体系统中,观察到超常热、质子、氚和中子等异常核现象.在金属氢化物的性能、电解过程中的尖端效应和聚能过程、随机中子和低产率中子的测量技术、集团束冲击核聚变等方面的探索取得了许多令人瞩目的成果.提出了热等离子体模型、多体屏蔽效应、量子玻色等离子体理论、相干核反应机制、钯核的中子俘获效应、表面定域理论等许多理论模型. A brief introduction of recent investigation about the cold nuclear fusion by numerouslaboratories throughout the world has been given experimentally and theoretically in this paper.Undernon—equilibrium conditions of deuterium/solid system,the production of excess heat,protons,tritium,neutrons,and gamma rays have been reported.Scientists have gained the quite salutary effects to learnthe behavior of metal hydrides in this brief span of time than in the past 100 years,to improve ...     

赝火花脉冲电子束传输中束斑分析

通过赝火花强流脉冲电子束对酸敏变色片和单晶硅的轰击试验，结合束流自箍缩效应进行理论计算，对赝火花脉冲电子束传输中束斑的变形进行了研究与分析. 结果表明椭圆形轰击束斑是由通过旁路电容的瞬态电流产生的方位角磁场所引起的，并且提出了解决束斑变形的有效方法. 关键词： 脉冲电子束 赝火花放电 束斑 自箍缩效应     

水中碳弧的异常放电现象

放电过程中的磁收缩效应产生超高密度的等离子体细丝,有可能发生核聚变反应.在高纯水中,用光谱纯的碳棒作电极,进行低压(-20V)电弧放电实验,收集放电产生的磁屑,并用离子光谱法和中子活化法进行分析,观察到碳屑中铁的含量从几个10-6增加到几百、上千个10-6,而且,同位素的丰度与天然铁的丰度有所变化. There exist various phenomena for electric discharge, such as radiation with wide bands, collective acceleration, electron degeneracy and "linear atom", etc. which occur in dense state of matter.The arcing was created in the gap between two purified carbon rods in deionised water. The original carbon contained a few millionth iron, and the detritus contained up to thousands millionth iron based on the analysis by an (atomic) emission spectroscope (AES). It is deduced that the plasma filaments...     

纳秒强流脉冲电子束强化金属表面的研究

利用多极板赝火花放电装置产生的高功率脉冲电子束对不同类型的钢, 如45#, 65Mn, T8, 9Cr18和GCr15等进行轰击, 研究其在金属材料表面改性中的应用. 样品表面的显微硬度和耐腐蚀性测试结果以及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)的观察分析表明, 经电子束轰击后, 这些材料在结构、组织和性能上发生了明显的变化, 轰击中心区域的显微硬度和耐蚀性明显提高. 基于一维热传导方程对材料表面的冷却速率进行了估算, 对电子束与金属材料的作用过程进行了理论分析. 结果表明, 高功率密度脉冲电子束与金属材料相互作用, 表面冷却速率高达1. 2×1012 ℃/s, 使材料表面局部瞬间达到熔化, 产生骤热急冷过程. High power density electron beams generated by multiplate pseudospark discharge chamber, have been used to bombard various kinds of steel targets such as 45#, 65Mn, T8, 9Cr18, GCr15, etc, and studyits applications for modification of metal surface. The microhardness and corrosive resistance property have been measured and the morphology was obtained by using SEM analysis. The results showed that the surface properties and structure of the matevials bom barded have been modified; in the bombarded center area, the microhardness as well as corrosive resistance property was improved obviously. The interactions befween the electron beam and metal materials were theoretically considered and discussed on the basis of simple calculation with one dimensional thermal transfer equation. It showed that the cooling rate of metal surface with 1.2×1012 ℃/s was so high that caused the metal surface instant melted, and abrupt cooled.     

赝火花脉冲电子束的特征

基于电场递增效应理论,讨论了多极板赝火花脉冲电子束的特征.通过电子束对固体变色片和金属靶的轰击,对赝火花电子束的不稳定性、细丝效应和自箍缩效应等现象做了研究和分析.The characteristics of pulsed electron beam generated by multiplate pseudospark chamber (MPC) on the basis of field escalation effects have been described in this paper. The phenomena such as instability, filament effect, and self-pinch effect of pseudospark electron beam were studied and analyzedby the bombardment of solid evident films and metal targets.     

基于锁相放大原理的微弱光信号检测系统设计

为了解决强噪声背景下微弱光信号检测难的问题,介绍了一种基于锁相放大原理的微弱光信号检测系统。系统采用对1 550nm的DFB激光进行调制的方法产生前级信号,利用PIN光电二极管产生的电流信号作为原始信号,经过前级放大、锁相放大及低通滤波电路还原调制信号。系统采用OPA124作为前级运放,AD630作为锁相放大器,参考信号和调制信号均由DDS芯片AD9850产生。滤波电路、移相电路和调制电路均采用高精度运放OP07来设计。实验结果表明,该系统具有很高的线性度,灵敏度为4.51V/V,精度大于0.05%,是一种高精度、高实用性的微弱光信号检测系统。     

电解过程中的非平衡态与异常核现象

电解过程中钯电极表面的尖端效应和磁自收缩现象是产生非平衡条件的重要因素．实验表明,非平衡态对于冷核聚变来说是至关重要的．为了有较深刻地理解冷核聚变机制,对氘在金属中的结构和分布、电极表面的电化学双层、尖端电子发射和电流的磁自收缩等现象要作深入的研究.In this paper,the pin point effect and the magnetic self pinch of electrolysis are suggested to be the important factors to produce conditions that are far from equilibrium and are essential for cold nuclear fusion. Further studies of the structural and electronic properties of deuterium in bulk palladium, the behaviours of electrochemical double layer,and the localized emission sites on surface protrusions of the electrode should be extensively carried out for understanding the mechanism ...     

基于单长周期光纤光栅光谱特性的温度和应变同时区分测量

根据长周期光纤光栅具有多个不同损耗峰的光谱特性提出了一种使用单个LPG对温度和应变两参数进行同时区分测量的新方案。实验选用了具有不同温度和应变传感灵敏度的第一和第四损耗峰,通过观测其相应的光谱图,得到因测量参数变化而导致的谐振波长的偏移。根据相应的参数求解矩阵方程,当被测量变化较小时,通过计算可知,交叉敏感对参数的测量基本上不产生影响;而当被测量变化较大时,可通过适当补偿消除交叉敏感而带来的偏差。实验测得的温度和应变误差分别是±0.92℃和±22με,该方案能较好地解决测量中存在的应变和温度之间的交叉敏感问题,有效地提高了系统的测量精度。实验结果表明,利用长周期光纤光栅的不同损耗峰同时测量温度和应变的方法是切实可行的,且实验系统体积小,成本较低,简单实用,具有较好的应用前景。     

瞬态涡旋动力学与非平衡体系中的异常核现象

根据实验现象和已发表的数据,对电解过程中的尖端效应、磁自收缩现象、阴极表面电化学双层的高能集中、极化核聚变的产生进行了分析研究.利用CR 39固体径迹探测器记录到电化学系统中高度集中而且准直的10MeV以上的异常高能带电粒子.提出了涡旋动力学理论解释电化学放电过程中的异常现象———过剩热和非平衡系统中的异常核现象. The tip effect, magnetism self-pinch phenomena, high energy concentration on the cathode surface, electrochemical double layer, and polarized nucleus fusion in the process of electrolysis have been studied and discussed. The high concentrated and straight charged particles with energy above 10 MeV in (electrochemistry) systems were recorded by CR-39 solid trace detector. The hypothesis of vortex dynamics is proposed for explaining the peculiarities of excess heat and anomalous nucleus phenomena...