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排序方式: 共有241条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
The steel ASTM A213 P22 is used for superheater outlet header in power plants. During duty cycles lasting over tens of years the temperature is of the order of 545°C and the pressure 125 atm. The microscopic changes in these steels are hard to analyze under working conditions, but they are believed to be responsible for the appearance of creeps in such devices. Investigation of the microscopic modifications will help to predict future failures due to creeps, increasing the reliability and saving a lot of money.We report the investigation of such changes in ASTM A213 P22 steel in use for 30 years as a Superheater header at Haifa power station. The analysis has been carried out using Mössbauer Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy. As a result it seems that the morphology and phase change of the carbide phases M3C/M7C3 and M23C6 are the most prominent changes leading to the material failures. 相似文献
2.
A new formalism is presented for the theory of scanning LLL x-ray interferometry, which takes account also of the amount of x-ray absorption and of crystal yawing. It is based on the Takagi approach to the dynamical theory of x-ray diffraction and uses, to a great extent, the formalism of quantum mechanics, in order to reduce the algebraic complexity of the Ewald-von Laue approach. The formalism presented here is an easy-to-handle tool for the study of x-ray propagation in multicrystal systems and for the investigation into deviations of the travelling-fringe period from the spacing of diffracting planes, as it explains how interference features change when moving in paramater space. 相似文献
3.
An expedient and highly stereocontrolled route to (R)-α-methyltryptophan and its orthogonally protected analogs has been developed via a four-step conversion from L-alanine in good overall yields. The stereochemistry of the products is confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis, NMR spectroscopy and optical rotations. 相似文献
4.
The Takagi approach to the dynamical theory of x-ray diffraction has been used to study LLL x-ray polylithic interferometers. A computational tool has been implemented to solve the Takagi equations with boundary conditions of the Cauchy type. The mean intensity, visibility and initial phase of the x-ray fringes generated by displacing the analyzer have been calculated for any wavefront, absorption of the incident radiation and for the most common geometric arrangements. Geometric aberrations of different kinds, introduced during interferometer preparation, are considered. The curve relevant to the calculated difference between the reflected and transmitted x-ray fringes as a function of analyzer rotation is in agreement with the experimental curve. 相似文献
5.
Frabetti PL Cheung HW Cumalat JP Dallapiccola C Ginkel JF Greene SV Johns WE Nehring MS Butler JN Cihangir S Gaines I Garbincius PH Garren L Gourlay SA Harding DJ Kasper P Kreymer A Lebrun P Shukla S Bianco S Fabbri FL Sarwar S Zallo A Culbertson R Gardner RW Greene R Wiss J Alimonti G Bellini G Caccianiga B Cinquini L Di Corato M Giammarchi M Inzani P Leveraro F Malvezzi S Menasce D Meroni E Moroni L Pedrini D Perasso L Sala A Sala S Torretta D Vittone M Buchholz D Claes D Gobbi B O'Reilly B 《Physical review letters》1993,71(6):827-830
6.
Frabetti PL Cheung HW Cumalat JP Dallapiccola C Ginkel JF Greene SV Johns WE Nehring MS Butler JN Cihangir S Gaines I Garren L Garbincius PH Gourlay SA Harding DJ Kasper P Kreymer A Lebrun P Shukla S Bianco S Fabbri FL Sarwar S Zallo A Culbertson R Gardner RW Greene R Wiss J Alimonti G Bellini G Caccianiga B Cinquini L Di Corato M Giammarchi M Inzani P Leveraro F Malvezzi S Menasce D Meroni E Moroni L Pedrini D Perasso L Sala A Sala S Torreta D Vittone M Buchholz D Claes D Gobbi B O'Reilly B 《Physical review letters》1993,70(14):2058-2061
7.
Frabetti PL Cheung HW Cumalat JP Dallapiccola C Ginkel JF Greene SV Johns WE Nehring MS Butler JN Cihangir S Gaines I Garren L Garbincius PH Gourlay SA Harding DJ Kasper P Kreymer A Lebrun P Shukla S Bianco S Fabbri FL Sarwar S Zallo A Culbertson R Gardner RW Greene R Wiss J Alimonti G Bellini G Caccianiga B Cinquini L Di Corato M Giammarchi M Inzani P Leveraro F Malvezzi S Menasce D Meroni E Moroni L Pedrini D Perasso L Sala A Sala S Torretta D Vittone M Buchholz D Claes D Gobbi B O'Reilly B 《Physical review letters》1993,70(10):1381-1384
8.
Frabetti PL Cheung HW Cumalat JP Dallapiccola C Ginkel JF Greene SV Johns WE Nehring MS Butler JN Cihangir S Gaines I Garren L Garbincius PH Gourlay SA Harding DJ Kasper P Kreymer A Lebrun P Shukla S Bianco S Fabbri FL Sarwar S Zallo A Culbertson R Gardner RW Greene R Wiss J Alimonti G Bellini G Caccianiga B Cinquini L Di Corato M Giammarchi M Inzani P Leveraro F Malvezzi S Menasce D Meroni E Moroni L Pedrini D Perasso L Sala A Sala S Toretta D Vittone M Buchholz D Claes D Gobbi B O'Reilly B 《Physical review letters》1993,70(12):1755-1758
9.
Giovanni Greco Ettore Novellino Maurizio Pellecchia Carlo Silipo Antonio Vittoria 《Journal of computer-aided molecular design》1994,8(2):97-112
Summary An example of a CoMFA study is described with the aim to discuss one of the major problems of this 3D QSAR method: lack of variable selection. It is shown that the use of nonrelevant energy parameters might produce CoMFA contour maps which poorly reflect the actual nature of the binding site and are in part statistical artefacts. The data set employed in our analysis comparises triazine inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), isolated from chicken liver, which have already been the object of a QSAR study by other authors. Since three-dimensional structures of triazine-DHFR complexes are known, it was possible not only to reduce ambiguities in the superimposition of the ligands, but also to compare the resulting CoMFA contour maps with the enzyme active site.Supplementary material available: The Cartesian coordinates and the atomic charges of the PM3-optimized structures used in the CoMFA study are available as MOL2 files upon request.To whose memory this paper is dedicated. 相似文献
10.
Abstract –The individual tryptophanyl contributions to the near-ultraviolet dichroic activity of apomyoglobin in its native conformation have been resolved. This was accomplished by comparing the spectra of two classes of apomyoglobin with different aromatic residue contents and observing the effect of a specific modification of indole residues. The circular dichroism (CD) spectra of apomyoglobins containing two tryptophanyl residues, i.e. Trp A-5 and A-12, show the presence of a positive peak centered at 292 nm, attributable to indolic chromophore, which is missing in the CD spectrum of tuna apomyoglobin possessing only Trp A-12. Moreover, the specific modification of Trp A-5 by 2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzyl bromide is shown by the lack of the 292 nm peak and the appearance of a positive band at longer wavelength. The pH dependence of the position of this band suggests that it arises from the 2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzyl moiety. The results suggest that Trp A-12 does not substantially contribute to the optical activity in the near ultraviolet. 相似文献