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1.
Li CK Séguin FH Frenje JA Petrasso RD Delettrez JA McKenty PW Sangster TC Keck RL Soures JM Marshall FJ Meyerhofer DD Goncharov VN Knauer JP Radha PB Regan SP Seka W 《Physical review letters》2004,92(20):205001
Target areal density (rhoR) asymmetries in OMEGA direct-drive spherical implosions are studied. The rms variation / for low-mode-number structure is approximately proportional to the rms variation of on-target laser intensity / with an amplification factor of approximately 1/2(C(r)-1), where C(r) is the capsule convergence ratio. This result has critical implications for future work on the National Ignition Facility as well as OMEGA. 相似文献
2.
Varnum WS Delamater ND Evans SC Gobby PL Moore JE Wallace JM Watt RG Colvin JD Turner R Glebov V Soures J Stoeckl C 《Physical review letters》2000,84(22):5153-5155
Inertial confinement fusion implosions using capsules with two concentric shells separated by a low density region (double shells) are reported which closely follow one dimensional (1D) radiatively driven hydrodynamics simulations. Capsule designs which mitigate Au M-band radiation asymmetries appear to correspond more closely to 1D simulations than targets lacking mitigation of hohlraum drive M-band nonuniformities. One capsule design achieves over 50% of the unperturbed 1D calculated yield at a convergence ratio of 25.5, comparable to that of a double-shell design for an ignition capsule at the National Ignition Facility. 相似文献
3.
Progress in direct-drive inertial confinement fusion research at the
laboratory for laser energetics
R. L. McCrory D. D. Meyerhofer S. J. Loucks S. Skupsky R. Betti T. R. Boehly T. J.B. Collins R. S. Craxton J. A. Delettrez D. H. Edgell R. Epstein K. A. Fletcher C. Freeman J. A. Frenje V. Yu. Glebov V. N. Goncharov D. R. Harding I. V. Igumenshchev R. L. Keck J. D. Kilkenny J. P. Knauer C. K. Li J. Marciante J. A. Marozas F. J. Marshall A. V. Maximov P. W. McKenty S. F.B. Morse J. Myatt S. Padalino R. D. Petrasso P. B. Radha S. P. Regan T. C. Sangster F. H. Séguin W. Seka V. A. Smalyuk J. M. Soures C. Stoeckl B. Yaakobi J. D. Zuegel 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2007,44(2):233-238
Direct-drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF) is
expected to demonstrate high gain on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) in
the next decade and is a leading candidate for inertial fusion energy
production. The demonstration of high areal densities in hydrodynamically
scaled cryogenic DT or D2 implosions with neutron yields that are a
significant fraction of the “clean” 1-D predictions will validate the
ignition-equivalent direct-drive target performance on the OMEGA laser at
the Laboratory for Laser Energetics (LLE). This paper highlights the
recent experimental and theoretical progress leading toward achieving this
validation in the next few years.
The NIF will initially be configured for X-ray drive and with no beams
placed at the target equator to provide a symmetric irradiation of a
direct-drive capsule. LLE is developing the “polar-direct-drive” (PDD)
approach that repoints beams toward the target equator. Initial 2-D
simulations have shown ignition. A unique “Saturn-like” plastic ring
around the equator refracts the laser light incident near the equator toward
the target, improving the drive uniformity.
LLE is currently constructing the multibeam, 2.6-kJ/beam, petawatt laser
system OMEGA EP. Integrated fast-ignition experiments, combining the OMEGA
EP and OMEGA Laser Systems, will begin in FY08. 相似文献
4.
Pulse shaping of some form is likely to be essential for laser fusion. The problems encountered in amplifying such pulses in present-day laser systems are studied in a computer model. Saturation effects in the amplifiers can significantly alter the input pulse shape. This pulse shape modification sets in when the output flux in the final amplifier reaches ≈ 15% of the saturation flux. Consequently, great flexibility is required for the pulse shaping mechanism if pulses of complex shapes are to be obtained at the output of a large laser amplifier systems. The problems have been simulated and analyzed for one beam line of the University of Rochester's planned 24 beam phosphate glass laser systems. 相似文献
5.
Regan SP Delettrez JA Goncharov VN Marshall FJ Soures JM Smalyuk VA Radha PB Yaakobi B Epstein R Glebov VY Jaanimagi PA Meyerhofer DD Sangster TC Seka W Skupsky S Stoeckl C Haynes DA Frenje JA Li CK Petrasso RD Séguin FH 《Physical review letters》2004,92(18):185002
The mixing of cold, high-density shell plasma with the low-density, hot spot plasma by the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in inertial confinement fusion is experimentally shown to correlate with the calculated perturbation feedthrough from the ablation surface to the inner shell surface. A fourfold decrease in the density of shell material in the mix region of direct drive implosions of gas filled spherical plastic shells having predicted convergence ratios approximately 15 was observed when laser imprint levels were reduced and the initial shell was thicker, corresponding to a reduction in the feedthrough rms level by a factor of 6. Shell mix is also shown to limit the spherical compression of the implosion. 相似文献
6.
Li CK Séguin FH Frenje JA Kurebayashi S Petrasso RD Meyerhofer DD Soures JM Delettrez JA Glebov VY Radha PB Regan SP Roberts S Sangster TC Stoeckl C 《Physical review letters》2002,89(16):165002
Fuel-shell mix and implosion performance are studied for many capsule types in direct-drive experiments at OMEGA. The amount of mixing and the size of the mix region are inferred from charged-particle spectrometry data and confirmed with an experimentally constrained model. Measured yields and convergence ratios CR fall short of one-dimensional predictions, especially for low capsule fill pressures. CR is approximately 11 for pressures from 3 to 15 atm, in contrast to predictions of approximately 25 for 3 atm and approximately 12 for 15 atm. The performance shortfalls are likely to be caused by fuel-shell mix. 相似文献
7.
B Yaakobi P Bourke Y Conturie J Delettrez J.M Forsyth R.D Frankel L.M Goldman R.L McCrory W Seka J.M Soures A.J Burek R.E Deslattes 《Optics Communications》1981,38(3):196-200
High conversion efficiency of laser energy into X-rays from a laser irradiated target is of great interest for a variety of dynamical (pulsed) studies, e.g.: radiography of laser-imploded targets, structure determination by diffraction and absorption fine-structure, and X-ray laser pumping. We report here on a frequency tripled Nd : glass laser used to irradiate targets of various materials at ~5 x 1014W/cm2. We find conversion efficiencies of between 1% and 0.1% (with respect to the incident laser energy) for individual X-ray lines between 1.8 and 7.8 keV. These efficiencies are more than an order of magnitude higher than whose achieved with 1.06 μm lasers. 相似文献
8.
Sangster TC Goncharov VN Radha PB Smalyuk VA Betti R Craxton RS Delettrez JA Edgell DH Glebov VY Harding DR Jacobs-Perkins D Knauer JP Marshall FJ McCrory RL McKenty PW Meyerhofer DD Regan SP Seka W Short RW Skupsky S Soures JM Stoeckl C Yaakobi B Shvarts D Frenje JA Li CK Petrasso RD Séguin FH 《Physical review letters》2008,100(18):185006
The first observation of ignition-relevant areal-density deuterium from implosions of capsules with cryogenic fuel layers at ignition-relevant adiabats is reported. The experiments were performed on the 60-beam, 30-kJUV OMEGA Laser System [T. R. Boehly, Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)10.1016/S0030-4018(96)00325-2]. Neutron-averaged areal densities of 202+/-7 mg/cm2 and 182+/-7 mg/cm2 (corresponding to estimated peak fuel densities in excess of 100 g/cm3) were inferred using an 18-kJ direct-drive pulse designed to put the converging fuel on an adiabat of 2.5. These areal densities are in good agreement with the predictions of hydrodynamic simulations indicating that the fuel adiabat can be accurately controlled under ignition-relevant conditions. 相似文献
9.
W. Seka R. S. Craxton J. Delettrez L. Goldman R. Keck R. L. McCrory D. Shvarts J. M. Soures R. Boni 《Optics Communications》1982,40(6):437-440
We report on experimental plasma absorption of 0.35 μm radiation incident on plane targets. Absorption fractions between 50 and 98% were found for UV pulses of 90 and 450 ps duration on planar CH, nickel, and gold targets for intensities between 1013 and 3 × 1015 W/cm2. The results are in agreement with computer calculations using inverse bremsstrahlung absorption and a thermal electron heat flux limiter between 0.03 and 0.06 相似文献
10.
S.P. Regan B. Yaakobi T.R. Boehly R. Epstein J.A. Delettrez V.Yu. Glebov V.N. Goncharov P.A. Jaanimagi J.P. Knauer F.J. Marshall R.L. McCrory D.D. Meyerhofer P.B. Radha T.C. Sangster V.A. Smalyuk J. Soures C. Stoeckl R.C. Mancini D.A. Haynes L. Welser-Sherrill H. Sawada 《High Energy Density Physics》2009,5(4):234-243
High-energy-density plasmas created in laser-fusion experiments are diagnosed with X-ray spectroscopy. Hans Griem, considered the father of modern plasma spectroscopy, provided an excellent foundation for this research. He studied the effect of plasma particles, in particular the fast-moving free electrons, on the Stark-broadening of spectral line shapes in plasmas [H. Griem, Phys. Rev. 125 (1962) 177]. Over the last three decades, X-ray spectroscopy has been used to record the remarkable progress made in inertial confinement fusion research. Four areas of X-ray spectroscopy for laser-fusion experiments are highlighted in this paper: Kα emission spectroscopy to diagnose target preheat by suprathermal electrons, Stark-broadened K-shell emissions of mid-Z elements to diagnose compressed densities and temperatures of implosion cores, K- and L-shell absorption spectroscopy to diagnose the relatively cold imploding shell (the “piston”) that does not emit X rays, and multispectral monochromatic imaging of implosions to diagnose core temperature and density profiles. The seminal research leading to the original X-ray spectroscopy experiments in these areas will be discussed and compared to current state-of-the-art measurements. 相似文献