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Hiromi NAKANISHI Atsushi MORI Kouki TAKEDA Houdo TANAKA Natsuko KOBAYASHI Keitaro TANOI Takashi YAMAKAWA Satoshi MORI 《Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and biological sciences》2015,91(4):160-174
Six months after the explosion of TEPCO’s Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant, radioactive
silver (110mAg), was detected in concentrations of 3754 Bq/kg in Nephila
clavata (the orb-web spider; Joro-gumo in Japanese) collected at
Nimaibashi, Iitate village in Fukushima Prefecture, whereas 110mAg in the soil was
43.1 Bq/kg. A survey of 35 faunal species in the terrestrial environment during the 3.5 years
after the accident showed that most of Anthropoda had two orders higher 110mAg in
their tissues than soils, although silver is not an essential element for their life. However,
tracing of the activity of 110mAg detected in spider Atypus karschi
collected regularly at a fixed location showed that it declined much faster than the physical
half-life. These results suggest that 110mAg was at once biologically concentrated
by faunal species, especially Arthropoda, through food chain. The factors affecting the
subsequent rapid decline of 110mAg concentration in faunal species are
discussed. 相似文献
2.
通过萜品油烯和2,6-二氧代戊酸甲酯的de Mayo反应,使[2 + 2]环加成产物 3-6经retro-aldol重排,开环生成取代环己烯7和12。在不同反应介质中对开环产 物进行再环合,并对其反应机理进行研究。在碱性条件下,经分子内Claisen缩合 反应形成螺环化合物;以对甲本碘酸为催化剂的环合,除生成正常的Claisen缩合 产物以外,7和12均发生烯键亲核加成反应,生成具有二环[3.3.1]结构的桥环化合 物9-11和二环[3.2.1]结构的桥环化合物16-18。所得新化合物的化学结构均经IR, ~1H NMR,~(13)C NMR及元素分析予以确定。 相似文献
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The excited trip-sextet (6T1) state of chloro-(3-methylimidazol)-(meso-tetraphenylporphyrinato) chromium(III) (CrIIIP) is quenched by 1,1′-dibenzyl-4,4′-bipyridinium (BV2+) in acetonitrile through electron transfer to give 5(CrIIIP·+) and 2BV·+. The intermediate is a geminate ion pair in the sextet (Sx) state 6[5(CrIIIP·+) 2BV·+], which decays through either the escape from a solvent cage to give the free ions or the spin conversion to the quartet (Qa) state followed by back electron transfer. The free ion yield (ΦFI) increased with increasing magnetic field from 0 to 4 T and then slightly decreased from 4 T to 10 T. These magnetic field effects are explained as follows. Under low fields where the Zeeman splitting of the spin sublevels is lower than or comparable with the electron spin dipole—dipole interaction within 5(CrIIIP·+), this interaction effectively induces the Sx → Qa conversion of [5(CrIIIP·+)2BV+] to result in low ΦFI values. Under high fields where the Zeeman splitting is larger than the dipole—dipole interaction, the Sx → Qa conversion is decreased with increasing field to cause higher ΦFI values. The slight decrease in ΦFI above 4 T may be due to the Δg mechanism. 相似文献
4.
本文报告了对Ce掺杂锰氧化物(La1-xCex)2/3Ca1/3MnO3 (x=0~1.0)系列样品的输运特性和反常磁特性的研究结果.实验表明,Ce掺杂对Tc有明显的抑制作用,整体上电阻率随Ce掺杂含量增加而上升,在外加磁场时表现出极大的磁电阻效应.磁化强度随温度变化的曲线出现了两个转变,高温处对应于Mn离子磁矩的铁磁金属转变,低温处的转变则对应于Ce离子磁矩自旋有序排列的形成.表明Ce掺杂引起样品中铁磁双交换作用和反铁磁超交换作用之间的竞争,Ce离子与Mn离子有很强的相互作用.随Ce掺杂含量的增加,铁磁有序转变温度下降,而反铁磁有序转变温度则向高温处移动,铁磁区域明显减小. 相似文献
5.
Daisuke KOZAKI Nobutake NAKATANI Masanobu MORI Nobukazu NAKAGOSHI Kazuhiko TANAKA 《色谱》2012,30(7):721-727
A unified ion-exclusion chromatography(IEC) system for monitoring anionic and cationic nutrients like NH + 4,NO 2,NO 3,phosphate ion,silicate ion and HCO 3 was developed and applied to several environmental waters.The IEC system consisted of four IEC methodologies,including the IEC with ultraviolet(UV) detection at 210 nm for determining NH + 4 on anion-exchange separation column in OH form connected with anion-exchange UV-conversion column in I form in tandem,the IEC with UV-detection at 210 nm for determining simultaneously NO 2 and NO 3 on cation-exchange separation column in H + form,the IEC with UV-detection at 210 nm for determining HCO 3 on cation-exchange separation column in H + form connected with anion-exchange UV-conversion column in I form in tandem,and the IEC with visible-detection based on molybdenum-blue reaction for determining simultaneously silicate and phosphate ions on cation-exchange separation column in H + form.These IEC systems were combined through three manually-driven 6-port column selection valves to select each separation column to determine selectively the ionic nutrients.Using this sequential water quality monitoring system,the analytical performances such as calibration linearity,reproducibility,detection limit and recovery were also tested under the optimized chromatographic conditions.This novel water quality monitoring system has been applied successfully for the determination of the ionic eutrophication components in sub-urban river waters. 相似文献
6.
螺环倍半萜(±)-α-花柏烯-3-酮的全合成 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过萜品油烯 ( Terpinolene)与 2 ,4-二氧代戊酸甲酯的 de Mayo反应得到 [2 +2 ]光加成产物 ,经反aldol重排 ,再环合成具有螺 [5 ,5 ]十一烷结构的花柏烯基本碳架 ,进而对其官能团进行化学修饰 ,完成了螺环倍半萜 (± ) -α-花柏烯 -3 -酮的全合成 . 相似文献
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The recently proposed dynamic extended molecular orbital (DEMO) method is applied to the HCl(H2O) n and DCl(H2O) n (n = 0–4) clusters in order to explore the isotope effect on their structures, wavefunctions, and energies, theoretically. Since the DEMO method determines both electronic and nuclear wavefunctions simultaneously by optimizing all parameters including basis sets and their centres variationally, we can get the different nuclear orbitals for proton and deuteron as well as their electronic wavefunctions. The positions of the centres of nuclear orbitals show that the deuteron has weaker hydrogen bonding than the proton. There are three isomers in the case of n = 3 clusters, and less stable isomers have hydrogen transferred and non-transferred structures. In the conventional MO calculation, both hydrogen transferred and non-transferred isomers are calculated to be energy minima. When we have applied the DEMO method, only the hydrogen transferred structure is obtained for HCl(H2O)3, while both structures are optimized for DCl(H2O)3. Such strong H/D dependence on the structures of the HCl(H2O) n and DCl(H2O) n clusters can be expressed directly by using the DEMO method. The present application demonstrates that the DEMO method is a useful tool for analysing the anharmonicity and vibronic effects of a hydrogen bonding system. 相似文献
10.
(La1-xYx)2/3Ca1/3MnO3(x=0~0.3)体系的磁特性与平均稀土离子尺寸效应的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了(La1-xYx)2/3Ca1/3MnO3(0.0≤x≤0.3)体系的磁特性,给出了磁转变温度Tc与La位平均离子尺寸之间的关联.结果表明,随Y掺杂浓度的增加,金属-绝缘转变(M-I)温度TMI向低温区移动,对应的峰值电阻率ρp升高,对x=0.3样品而言,较未替代样品(x=0.0)增幅达8个数量级之多,指出由于Y的掺入而致使La位平均离子半径()减少以及局域晶格结构畸变引起的.磁性测量表明了在x>0.1的高浓度区域,随着x的增加,反铁磁性相互作用逐渐增强,导致x=0.2和x=0.3的样品在35K左右出现了自旋玻璃态. 相似文献