Function composition of modified reduced graphite oxide

Reduced graphite oxide (RGO) is prospective for application as an active material for supercapacitor electrodes due to the simple synthesis, the high specific surface area and the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups. Functionalization of such materials affects hydrophilicity, surface morphology and contributes to the redox processes when potential is applied. In this article RGO was treatment by mixture of potassium hydroxide and chloroacetic acid; hydrobromic acid and oxalic acid; in various ratio of strong nitric, sulfuric and phosphoric acids. Such functionalization of RGO leads to decrease in particle size, increase the quantity of oxygen-containing groups on the surface of the materials and affects the change of carbon hybridization from sp² to sp³. Furthermore, all the samples were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) to study the redox processes occurring on the electrode material surface. The peaks on the CV curves were compared with the corresponding redox reversible reactions. Furthermore, the specific capacity of all samples was calculated. Thus, at low carboxylation level of RGO specific capacity is increased due to significant contribution of redox processes while high functionalization leads to decrease in conductivity and, as well in specific capacity.     

A fiber quantum communication system based on an autocompensation optical circuit

An experimental setup for studying the distribution of a quantum key in a fiber optic communication line designed at the Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch is presented. The structure of a unified control unit for studying the distributed quantum key setup using the BB84 protocol with phase encoding is described. Experimental results on quantum key generation are given.     

Quantum Size Effects in Germanium Nanocrystals and Amorphous Nanoclusters in GeSixOy Films

Physics of the Solid State - Films of nonstoichiometric germanium–silicon glasses of two types—GeOx[SiO](1 – x) and...