Synthesis and refractive‐index control of fluoropolymers by the polyaddition of bis(epoxide)s and triazine di(aryl ether)s

The polyaddition of fluorine‐containing bis(epoxide)s and fluorine‐containing triazine di(aryl ether)s were examined to give the corresponding fluorine‐containing poly(cyanurate)s. It was observed that the synthesized fluoropolymers had good thermal stabilities and good film‐forming properties. The glass transition temperatures (T_g's) and refractive‐indices (n_D's) of synthesized polymers were determined by differential scanning calorimetry and ellipsometry, respectively, and it was found that the values of T_g's and n_D's were supported by their fluorine containing ratios and skeletons. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 4421–4429, 2007     

Small and high-density GeSiC dots stacked on buried Ge hut-clusters in Si

Self-assembled GeSiC dots stacked on a Ge hut-cluster layer buried in Si have been investigated. The critical thickness for formation of GeSiC dots is reduced owing to the strain fields from the buried hut-clusters. By utilizing the stacked structure, the dot size is decreased and the uniformity is improved. The highest density of the GeSiC dots with stacked structures is 7.4×10¹⁰ cm⁻², which is six times larger than that of single GeSiC dots. The formation of the self-assembled GeSiC dots is strongly influenced by being stacked with buried Ge dots as well as C incorporation.     

Construction of self-assembled monolayer terminated with N-heterocyclic carbene-rhodium(I) complex moiety

Functionalization of self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of alkanethiolate with metal containing unit is one of the versatile methods to obtain functional surfaces such as heterogeneous catalysts. However, organic molecules that strongly bind to transition metals at SAM terminal are limited. Recently N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) such as cyclic diaminocarbenes have emerged as strongly σ-donating ligands forming a robust bond with broad spectrum of transition metals. In the present study, for the purpose of establishment of a new robust basement for heterogeneous metal catalysts, a SAM of the alkanethiolate terminated with NHC-rhodium(I) complex moiety was prepared by utilizing a newly designed disulfide molecule bearing NHC-metal complex terminals. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis and angle resolved XPS measurement revealed successful formation of the Rh-complex-terminated SAM on a gold substrate. Infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) analysis suggested that the linker methylene chains connecting the rhodium complex moiety and the gold surface are in a loosely packed structure. This unique chemical species, NHC, would be a promising candidate as a basement for the construction of functional surface.     

Identity of defect causing nonideality in nearly ideal Au/n-Si Schottky barriers

We have proposed a mechanism of nonideality, i.e., the temperature dependence of the ideality factor, in nearly ideal Au/n-Si Schottky barriers. Because of the nature of metal-induced gap states, positively ionized defects close to the interface are considered to cause local lowering of the Schottky barrier height (SBH) due to downward bending of the energy band. These positively charged defects become neutralized in equilibrium with the Fermi level due to the band bending, when they are very close to the interface. However, because the SBH lowering disappears by the neutralization of donor, the energy level of donor with a usual energy level scheme rises above the Fermi level after the neutralization. This contradiction to the equilibrium neutralization is resolved by Si self-interstitial with a large negative-U property, which is generated by the fabrication process. The energy level of the donor estimated from the SBH lowering is in good agreement with that of theoretical calculation of Si self-interstitial. Thus, the defect is concluded to be the Si self-interstitial, which is distributed to more than 10 Å depth from the interface.     

Numerical analysis of finite amplitude motion of waves and a moored floating body under severe storm conditions

The motion of a moored floating body under the action of wave forces, which is influenced by fluid forces, shape of the floating body and mooring forces, should be analysed as a complex coupled motion system. Especially under severe storm conditions or resonant motion of the floating body it is necessary to consider finite amplitude motions of the waves, the floating body and the mooring lines as well as non-linear interactions of these finite amplitude motions. The problem of a floating body has been studied on the basis of linear wave theory by many researchers. However, the finite amplitude motion under a correlated motion system has rarely been taken into account. This paper presents a numerical method for calculating the finite amplitude motion when a floating body is moored by non-linear mooring lines such as chains and cables under severe storm conditions.     

Structural and electrical properties of crystalline (1−x)Ta2O5−xTiO2 thin films fabricated by metalorganic decomposition

Polycrystalline (1−x)Ta₂O₅−xTiO₂ thin films were formed on Si by metalorganic decomposition (MOD) and annealed at various temperatures. As-deposited films were in the amorphous state and were completely transformed to crystalline after annealing above 600 °C. During crystallization, a thin interfacial SiO₂ layer was formed at the (1−x)Ta₂O₅−xTiO₂/Si interface. Thin films with 0.92Ta₂O₅–0.08TiO₂ composition exhibited superior insulating properties. The measured dielectric constant and dissipation factor at 1 MHz were 9 and 0.015, respectively, for films annealed at 900 °C. The interface trap density was 2.5×10¹¹ cm⁻² eV⁻¹, and flatband voltage was −0.38 V. A charge storage density of 22.8 fC/μm² was obtained at an applied electric field of 3 MV/cm. The leakage current density was lower than 4×10⁻⁹ A/cm² up to an applied electric field of 6 MV/cm.     

Self-aligned imaging system using phase conjugate readout from elementary holographic grating

We propose a self-aligned imaging system (SAIS) using phase conjugate readout from an elementary holographic grating. The SAIS provides a huge amount of interconnections between a lot of points on two corresponding imaging planes without troublesome mechanical alignment. In the SAIS, a hologram for one-to-one interconnection is used for many-to-many interconnections. In addition, the SAIS has the capability of correcting aberration. Preliminary experiments verify the principle and the capability of the SAIS.