Néel temperature of quasi-low-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnets

The Néel temperature T(N) of quasi-one- and quasi-two-dimensional antiferromagnetic Heisenberg models on a cubic lattice is calculated by Monte Carlo simulations as a function of interchain (interlayer) to intrachain (intralayer) coupling J(')/J down to J(')/J approximately = 10(-3). We find that T(N) obeys a modified random-phase approximationlike relation for small J(')/J with an effective universal renormalized coordination number, independent of the size of the spin. Empirical formulas describing T(N) for a wide range of J(') and useful for the analysis of experimental measurements are presented.     

Aging of the zero-field-cooled magnetization in Ising spin glasses: experiment and numerical simulation

Growth of the zero-field-cooled magnetization (ZFCM) under continuous heating with and without an intermittent stop(s) is studied on Ising spin glasses both experimentally and numerically. Despite the large difference between time scales of the experiment and the simulation, the ZFCM behavior observed in the two systems can be quantitatively interpreted by means of a common set of the scaling expressions based on the droplet picture. The results strongly suggest that the spin-glass coherence length reached by the laboratory time scales is about a hundred lattice spacings or less. Within this length scale no signature of the chaos effect (rejuvenation) has been found in the ZFCM measured.     

Extended scaling scheme for critically divergent quantities in ferromagnets and spin glasses

From a consideration of high temperature series expansions in ferromagnets and in spin glasses, we propose an extended scaling scheme involving a set of scaling formulas which expresses to leading order the temperature (T) and the system size (L) dependences of thermodynamic observables over a much wider range of T than the corresponding one in the conventional scaling scheme. The extended scaling, illustrated by data on the canonical 2d ferromagnet and on the 3d bimodal Ising spin glass, leads to consistency in the estimates of critical parameters obtained from scaling analyses for different observables.     

Estimating Distributions of Parameters in Nonlinear State Space Models with Replica Exchange Particle Marginal Metropolis–Hastings Method

Extracting latent nonlinear dynamics from observed time-series data is important for understanding a dynamic system against the background of the observed data. A state space model is a probabilistic graphical model for time-series data, which describes the probabilistic dependence between latent variables at subsequent times and between latent variables and observations. Since, in many situations, the values of the parameters in the state space model are unknown, estimating the parameters from observations is an important task. The particle marginal Metropolis–Hastings (PMMH) method is a method for estimating the marginal posterior distribution of parameters obtained by marginalization over the distribution of latent variables in the state space model. Although, in principle, we can estimate the marginal posterior distribution of parameters by iterating this method infinitely, the estimated result depends on the initial values for a finite number of times in practice. In this paper, we propose a replica exchange particle marginal Metropolis–Hastings (REPMMH) method as a method to improve this problem by combining the PMMH method with the replica exchange method. By using the proposed method, we simultaneously realize a global search at a high temperature and a local fine search at a low temperature. We evaluate the proposed method using simulated data obtained from the Izhikevich neuron model and Lévy-driven stochastic volatility model, and we show that the proposed REPMMH method improves the problem of the initial value dependence in the PMMH method, and realizes efficient sampling of parameters in the state space models compared with existing methods.     

Chiral-glass transition and replica symmetry breaking of a three-dimensional heisenberg spin glass

Extensive equilibrium Monte Carlo simulations are performed for a three-dimensional Heisenberg spin glass with the nearest-neighbor Gaussian coupling to investigate its spin-glass and chiral-glass orderings. The occurrence of a finite-temperature chiral-glass transition without the conventional spin-glass order is established. Critical exponents characterizing the transition are different from those of the standard Ising spin glass. The calculated overlap distribution suggests the appearance of a peculiar type of replica-symmetry breaking in the chiral-glass ordered state.     

Scaling analysis of domain-wall free energy in the Edwards-Anderson Ising spin glass in a magnetic field

The stability of the spin-glass phase against a magnetic field is studied in the three- and four-dimensional Edwards-Anderson Ising spin glasses. Effective couplings J(eff) and effective fields H(eff) associated with length scale L are measured by a numerical domain-wall renormalization-group method. The results obtained by scaling analysis of the data strongly indicate the existence of a crossover length beyond which the spin-glass order is destroyed by field H. The crossover length well obeys a power law of H which diverges as H --> 0 but remains finite for any nonzero H, implying that the spin-glass phase is absent even in an infinitesimal field. These results are well consistent with the droplet theory for short-range spin glasses.