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排序方式: 共有1319条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Sergio Ayala‐Mar Javier Donoso‐Quezada Roberto C. Gallo‐Villanueva Victor H. Perez‐Gonzalez Jos Gonzlez‐Valdez 《Electrophoresis》2019,40(23-24):3036-3049
Exosomes are nanovesicles secreted by most cellular types that carry important biochemical compounds throughout the body with different purposes, playing a preponderant role in cellular communication. Because of their structure, physicochemical properties and stability, recent studies are focusing in their use as nanocarriers for different therapeutic compounds for the treatment of different diseases ranging from cancer to Parkinson's disease. However, current bioseparation protocols and methodologies are selected based on the final exosome application or intended use and present both advantages and disadvantages when compared among them. In this context, this review aims to present the most important technologies available for exosome isolation while discussing their advantages and disadvantages and the possibilities of being combined with other strategies. This is critical since the development of novel exosome‐based therapeutic strategies will be constrained to the effectiveness and yield of the selected downstream purification methodologies for which a thorough understanding of the available technological resources is needed. 相似文献
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The MPEG-1 Layer 3 compression schema of audio signal, commonly known as mp3, has caused a great impact in recent years as it has reached high compression rates while conserving a high sound quality. Music and speech samples compressed at high bitrates are perceptually indistinguishable from the original samples, but very little was known about how compression acoustically affects the voice signal. A previous work with normal voices showed a high fidelity at high-bitrate compressions both in voice parameters and the amplitude-frequency spectrum. In the present work, dysphonic voices were tested through two studies. In the first study, spectrograms, long-term average spectra (LTAS), and fast Fourier transform (FFT) spectra of compressed and original samples of running speech were compared. In the second study, intensities, formant frequencies, formant bandwidths, and a multidimensional set of voice parameters were tested in a set of sustained phonations. Results showed that compression at high bitrates (96 and 128 kbps) preserved the relevant acoustic properties of the pathological voices. With compressions at lower bitrates, fidelity decreases, introducing some important alterations. Results from both works, Gonzalez and Cervera and this paper, open up the possibility of using MPEG-compression at high bitrates to store or transmit high-quality speech recordings, without altering their acoustic properties. 相似文献
5.
Jayanth R. Banavar Oscar Gonzalez John H. Maddocks Amos Maritan 《Journal of statistical physics》2003,110(1-2):35-50
Physical strands or sheets that can be modelled as curves or surfaces embedded in three dimensions are ubiquitous in nature, and are of fundamental importance in mathematics, physics, biology, and engineering. Often the physical interpretation dictates that self-avoidance should be enforced in the continuum model, i.e., finite energy configurations should not self-intersect. Current continuum models with self-avoidance frequently employ pairwise repulsive potentials, which are of necessity singular. Moreover the potentials do not have an intrinsic length scale appropriate for modelling the finite thickness of the physical systems. Here we develop a framework for modelling self-avoiding strands and sheets which avoids singularities, and which provides a way to introduce a thickness length scale. In our approach pairwise interaction potentials are replaced by many-body potentials involving three or more points, and the radii of certain associated circles or spheres. Self-interaction energies based on these many-body potentials can be used to describe the statistical mechanics of self-interacting strands and sheets of finite thickness. 相似文献
6.
I. Bretos J. Ricote R.J. Jiménez-Riobóo L. Pardo M.L. Calzada 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2007,89(4):967-973
A novel method to investigate the early formation stages of polycrystalline (Pb1-xCax)TiO3 (PCT) perovskite films by means of traditional Brillouin and micro-Brillouin spectroscopy (BS, mBS) is described in the present
work. The films were prepared by chemical solution deposition (CSD) onto oxidized (100)Si substrates and treated at temperatures
between 350–650 °C by rapid thermal processing (RTP). The elastic instability observed by Brillouin spectroscopy at the nano-structured
state of the PCT films was used here to determine their crystallization temperatures. Coexistence of different nanocrystalline
phases (e.g., pyrochlore, perovskite) in the films could also be detected by this technique. The reliability of these results
is demonstrated by complementary information obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning force microscopy (SFM). The
effects of the annealing temperature and of the Ca2+ content on the crystallization process of these films are also discussed.
PACS 78.35.+c; 77.84.-s; 61.82.Rx 相似文献
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The bunching system of the ATLAS positive ion injector (PII) has been improved by relocating the harmonic buncher to a point
significantly closer to the second stage sine-wave buncher and the injector LINAC. The longitudinal optics design has also
been modified and now employs a virtual waist from the harmonic buncher feeding the second stage sine-wave buncher. This geometry
improves the handling of space charge for high-current beams, significantly increases the capture fraction into the primary
rf bucket and reduces the capture fraction of the unwanted parasitic rf bucket. Total capture and transport through the PII
has been demonstrated as high as 80% of the injected dc beam while the population of the parasitic, unwanted rf bucket is
typically less than 3% of the total transported beam. To remove this small residual parasitic component a new traveling-wave
transmission-line chopper has been developed reducing both transverse and longitudinal emittance growth from the chopping
process. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract W-31-109-ENG-38. 相似文献
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Mathematische Annalen - 相似文献
10.
Rastislav Varga Arcady Zhukov Michail Ipatov Juan Maria Blanco Julian Gonzalez Valentina Zhukova Pavol Vojtanik 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2006
The effect of the glass coating on the single domain wall potential in amorphous glass-coated Fe-based microwire has been studied by the switching field distribution technique. The thermoactivated mechanism model is used to describe the thermally activated switching through the complex energy barrier in amorphous FeSiB microwires. Glass removal leads to the increase of the probability of the thermally activated switching pointing to the decrease of the energy barrier. 相似文献