基于可拓层次分析法的测试性分配方法研究

针对传统层次分析(APH)方法在进行测试性分配时没有考虑人判断的模糊性,以及在构造判断矩阵时需要进行一致性检验这两个问题,建立了测试性分配层次结构模型,采用可拓层次分析法对测试性指标进行分配,将符合一致性要求的判断矩阵权重向量的方法有机地融合到可拓层次分析法中;最后结合实例对本文进行应用研究,求得了合适的分配指标,应用结果验证了此方法的可行性。     

脐橙种植对赣南丘陵区水源涵养功能的影响

选取1、4和15年的脐橙种植林以及针阔混交林为研究对象,对不同林地枯落物持水性能、土壤蓄水能力、入渗性能、土壤有机碳等参数进行测定,并结合主成分分析法研究脐橙种植对水源涵养能力的影响。结果表明:1)针阔混交林枯落物有效拦蓄量分别为4年和15年脐橙林的166.87倍和61.50倍,脐橙种植对枯落物水文效应影响显著。2)不同林地土壤层总孔隙度变化范围为43.92%～60.13%,3种不同种植年限脐橙林土壤容重均值较针阔混交林分别提高了2.17%,11.76%和20.74%,随种植年限增加有明显增加趋势。3)1年脐橙林土壤初渗速率、稳渗速率较针阔混交林分别下降了20.70%和55.00%,脐橙林土壤下渗速率随种植年限增加而下降。土壤下渗速率、容重是影响当地水源涵养能力的主要因子。     

TiO_2 composite electron transport layers for planar perovskite solar cells by mixed spray pyrolysis with precursor solution incorporating TiO_2 nanoparticles

Perovskite solar cells with planar structure are attractive for their simplified device structure and reduced hysteresis effect. Compared to conventional mesoporous devices, TiO_2 porous scaffold layers are removed in planar devices. Then,compact TiO_2 electron transport layers take the functions of extracting electrons, transporting electrons, and blocking holes.Therefore, the properties of these compact TiO_2 layers are important for the performance of solar cells. In this work, we develop a mixed spray pyrolysis method for producing compact TiO_2 layers by incorporating TiO_2 nanoparticles with different size into the precursor solutions. For the optimized nanoparticle size of 60 nm, a power conversion efficiency of 16.7% is achieved, which is obviously higher than that of devices without incorporated nanoparticles(9.9%). Further investigation reveals that the incorporation of nanoparticles can remarkably improve the charge extraction and recombination processes.     

低功率激光热透镜效应的模拟及研究

与高功率激光相比,低功率激光更安全,其热透镜效应对激光功率变化更敏感,更适合用于实验教学.本文利用有限元法模拟低功率激光的热透镜效应,模拟介质温度场和等效热透镜焦距,定量探究低功率激光热透镜焦距与激光功率以及介质热吸收率、厚度的关系.模拟结果与实验数据符合良好,为探究低功率激光热透镜效应实验提供理论依据.     

Temperature dependence of quarks and gluon vacuum condensate in the Dyson-Schwinger Equations at finite temperature

Based on the Dyson-Schwinger Equations (DSEs), the two-quark vacuum condensate, the four-quark vacuum condensate, and the quark gluon mixed vacuum condensate in the non-perturbative QCD vacuum state are investigated by solving the DSEs with rainbow truncation at zero- and finite-temperature, respectively. These condensates are important input parameters in QCD sum rule with zero and finite temperature, and in studying hadron physics, as well as predicting the quark mean squared momentum m₀²-also called quark virtuality in the QCD vacuum state. The present calculated results show that these physical quantities are almost independent of the temperature below the critical point temperature T_c=131 MeV, and above T_c the chiral symmetry is restored. For comparison we calculate the temperature dependence of the "in-hadron condensate" for pion. At the same time, we also calculate the ratio of the quark gluon mixed vacuum condensate to the two-quark vacuum condensate by using these condensates, and the unknown quark mean squared momentum in the QCD vacuum state has been obtained. The results show that the ratio m₀²(T) is almost flat in the temperature region from 0 to T_c, although there are drastic changes of the quark vacuum condensate and the quark gluon mixed vacuum condensate at the region. Our predicted ratio comes out to be m₀²(T)=2.41 GeV² at the Chiral limit, which is consistent with other theory model predictions, and strongly indicates the significance that the quark gluon mixed vacuum condensate has played in the virtuality calculations.     

非球面手机屏幕放大镜的设计

为方便老年人、视力障碍者等特殊人群看清手机上的文字及图像,采用ZEMAX光学设计软件,从高折射率材料,镜片面型和类型的选择上,以及从使用双胶合镜或非球面等方面设计了几款手机屏幕放大镜.通过分析手机屏幕放大镜特点,发现用非球面镜片不仅可以改善屏幕周边的像质并可减小镜片厚度.最后,还设计了几种放大镜与手机的契合方式,以克服现有手机放大镜片的不足.     

基于深度学习激光熔覆层树枝晶的形貌识别

在增材制造技术中,树枝晶的表征对于分析激光熔覆层的机械性能至关重要,但目前树枝晶的标记主要由人工完成,耗时长且容易引入人为误差,而深度学习可提高目标识别准确度。基于U-net网络提出了适于识别分割树枝晶的BNC-Unet网络,将串行注意力机制和Batch Normalization层有效地部署在上采样和下采样区域,调整图像特征的权重信息。选取交并比作为分割结果的评价指标,并对比了原Unet以及不同的改进方法在该指标下的结果。在测试集中,BNCUnet网络分割树枝晶准确率指标为84.2%,比原U-net网络结果提升了8.97%。该指标表明网络能准确地从激光熔覆层金相图中识别出树枝晶形貌,且识别树枝晶的准确率显著提高,便于在激光熔覆试验后评估熔覆层性能。     

过冷液氮温度下块材的悬浮特性及其仿真研究

随着温度的降低,超导块材表现出的超导特性也随之变化.本文结合现有实际应用的车载超导块材冷却方法,通过改变气压的方式营造过冷液氮温度条件,探究块材组合与Halbach轨道之间的悬浮特性.由于实验测量存在一定局限性,只能完成部分工况条件下的研究.为了更加系统全面的研究,本文对过冷状态下超导块材的悬浮特性进行仿真计算,通过与实验结果对比来确定仿真参数.结果显示,仿真计算与实验数据吻合度较高,为后期的研究工作提供了仿真工具.     

水-甲醇混合体系的超分子复合作用

采用芘作为荧光探针研究了全组成范围水-甲醇混合溶剂的复合结构. 结果表明, 芘探针的极性标尺(I1/I3)随体系中甲醇摩尔分数(xm)的增加呈下降趋势, 其下降速度对xm变化范围具有明显依赖性, 而芘荧光相对量子产率的变化曲线在xm=0.18处呈现出一奇异的极大值. 这些结果揭示了在0.18相似文献   

含不同取代芘基团St/DVB交联树脂的合成及其溶胀态光物理性质

采用功能基化反应和单体共聚两种方法合成了一系列含有Py-CO-基团和Py-CH2-基团的芘标记苯乙烯/二乙烯基苯(St/DVB)交联树脂及其相应的含芘模型化合物.通过比较分析共聚物珠体和模型化合物的荧光光谱,研究了交联树脂溶胀态的光物理行为.初步研究结果表明,标记基团的激基缔合物形成及Ham效应等光物理性质可敏感地反映树脂中标记的浓度、微环境极性以及树脂的溶剂化程度.