Structural evolutions and electronic properties of Au_nGd(n=6–15) small clusters: A first principles study

Structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of Au_nGd(n = 6–15) small clusters are investigated by using first principles spin polarized calculations and combining with the ab-initio evolutionary structure simulations. The calculated binding energies indicate that after doping a Gd atom Aun Gd cluster is obviously more stable than a pure Au_(n+1) cluster.Au_6Gd with the quasiplanar structure has a largest magnetic moment of 7.421 μ_B. The Gd-4 f electrons play an important role in determining the high magnetic moments of Au_nGd clusters, but in Au_6Gd and Au_(12) Gd clusters the unignorable spin polarized effects from the Au-6 s and Au-5 d electrons further enhance their magnetism. The HOMO–LUMO(here, HOMO and LUMO stand for the highest occupied molecular orbital, and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, respectively)energy gaps of Au_nGd clusters are smaller than those of pure Au_(n+1) clusters, indicating that Au_nGd clusters have potential as new catalysts with enhanced reactivity.     

First-principles studies of electronic,optical,and mechanical properties of γ-Bi_2Sn_2O_7

The detailed theoretical studies of electronic,optical,and mechanical properties of γ-Bi_2Sn_2O_7 are carried out by using first-principle density functional theory calculations.Our calculated results indicate that γ-Bi_2Sn_2O_7 is the p-type semiconductor with an indirect band gap of about 2.72 e V.The flat electronic bands close to the valence band maximum are mainly composed of Bi-6s and O-2p states and play a key role in determining the electrical properties of γ-Bi_2Sn_2O_7.The calculated complex dielectric function and macroscopic optical constants including refractive index,extinction coefficient,absorption coefficients,reflectivity,and electron energy-loss function show that γ-Bi_2Sn_2O_7 is an excellent light absorbing material.The analysis on mechanical properties shows that γ-Bi_2Sn_2O_7 is mechanically stable and highly isotropic.     

V/Pd界面氢吸附扩散行为的第一性原理研究

采用钒/钯(V/Pd)金属复合膜渗氢是从混合气体中分离氢气的一种有效实用方法.为深入地了解催化Pd层与金属膜结合处的界面结构与吸氢/渗氢特性的关联性,进而提升合金膜提纯氢气的能力,本文采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理研究了V/Pd金属复合膜界面的氢吸附/扩散行为.研究结果表明:由于V/Pd界面的电荷密度随着V/Pd成键而增加,导致氢原子(H)溶解能随着接近界面而增大,在V/Pd界面附近具有最高的溶解能(0.567 eV).氢迁移能垒计算表明,与H沿V/Pd界面水平扩散的最大能垒(0.64 eV)相比,H垂直V/Pd界面能垒(0.56 eV)更小,因而H倾向于垂直V/Pd界面进行迁移,并由Pd层扩散到V基体一侧,因V/Pd界面处Pd层的氢溶解能(0.238 eV)高于V膜侧(-0.165 eV),H将在界面的V膜侧积累,易引起氢脆.V基体掺杂Pd/Fe的计算表明,与未掺杂的能垒(0.56 eV)相比,掺杂Pd/Fe可明显地降低界面扩散路径中的最大能垒(0.45 eV/0.54 eV),利于氢的渗透扩散,且掺杂界面能一定程度抑制V和催化Pd层的相互扩散,提高复合膜的结构稳定性.     

柿单宁特征功能基团与金属离子作用的计算分析

柿单宁具有优良的吸附重金属离子的效能,表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)是柿单宁发挥其活性作用的关键结构单体.为分析柿单宁与金属离子相互作用的本质,本文利用密度泛函理论(density functional thoery, DFT)的B3LYP方法,从EGCG-金属复合物的构型、Mayer键级、自然布居分析、结合能、以及弱相互作用方面,计算分析了EGCG与金属离子(Ag⁺, Hg²⁺, Cu²⁺, Fe²⁺, In³⁺, Al³⁺, Au³⁺)的相互作用关系.研究结果表明, EGCG-Fe²⁺复合物主要以螯合键的形式吸附在一起;而EGCG主要是通过静电吸引作用吸附Ag⁺和Hg²⁺离子; In³⁺, Al³⁺和Au³⁺离子与EGCG形成了独特的"腔状结构"金属复合物; Cu²⁺离子与...     

基于第一性原理的合金化掺杂MgH2的热力学稳定性研究

基于密度泛函的第一性原理,系统研究了合金化掺杂过渡金属（TM=Sc,Ti,Y）和IIA族元素（M=Ca,Sr,Ba）对MgH₂（金红石和萤石结构）的热力学稳定性的影响。结果表明,在低掺杂量（<20%） 时,MgH₂的萤石结构比金红石结构相对更稳定。掺杂Ti,Sr,Ba时,MgH₂的结构发生了失稳现象。MgH₂由金红石结构转变到萤石结构的掺杂TM和M的比例分别大约在20%和40%左右。Mg_0.5Ba_0.52萤石结构的形成焓比MgH₂萤石结构高约0.3 eV,表明其放氢温度在标准大气压下将远低于纯MgH₂。理论计算数据与实验数据有很好的一致性.