基于P31荧光粉的像增强器余辉测量方法研究

荧光屏余辉在高帧频速光子计数等系统应用中起着决定性作用。GJB 7351-2011《超二代像增强器通用规范》荧光屏余辉试验方法中规定光脉冲作为激励源,该方法中光脉冲激励源停止后光源照度下降缓慢,造成在短余辉粉（μs级）和中余辉粉（ms级）的余辉时间测量中测试结果不准。针对该问题,提出了一种在光照持续工作状态下,用光电阴极电压脉冲信号作为激励源的荧光屏余辉测试方法,该方法中光电阴极超快响应时间（一般为1 ns左右）和脉冲电压信号的较短边沿时间（一般可控制在10 ns以内）特性改善了激励源自身时间响应对荧光屏余辉测试结果准确性带来的影响。基于该方法建立了一套微光像增强器荧光屏余晖测量装置,对P31荧光粉的国产三代微光像增强器余辉进行了重复性测量,对测量不确定度进行了误差分析,其扩展不确定度为3.2%,达到了传统光电测试仪器的准确度要求,可满足微光像增强管荧光屏余辉测量的要求。该研究成果为更高性能产品提供了一种检测手段。     

改进"yo-yo"Cs/O交替激活方法对GaAs光阴极稳定性影响

为提高激活后GaAs光阴极的稳定性,延长微光夜视器件的工作寿命,围绕Cs/O激活方法和衰减特性进行实验研究.通过对比传统"yo-yo"激活法和改进"yo-yo"激活法在Cs/O激活光电流、光谱响应以及光照衰减方面的差异,发现采用改进"yo-yo"激活法的GaAs光阴极光谱灵敏度更高且稳定性更好.利用四极质谱仪监测真空腔...     

光纤倒像器调制传递函数测试结果的加权修正

狭缝式调制传递函数测试系统可以测试光纤倒像器的调制传递函数,但由于测试过程中较多的人工参与,使得调制传递函数测试结果的重复性较差。针对影响光纤倒像器调制传递函数测试重复性的数据采样、积分时间以及人眼疲劳特性进行了分析,给出了针对数据采样和积分时间的解决方法,针对人眼疲劳特性提出了基于人眼时间递增因子的加权修正方法。对6块光纤倒像器的调制传递函数进行了三批次测试,并对测试结果进行了直接校正和加权修正的比较,结果表明:加权修正较好地解决了测试重复性问题,被测6块光纤倒像器加权修正后的调制传递函数最大重复性偏差不超过7%。     

Temporal response of laminated graded-bandgap GaAs-based photocathode with distributed Bragg reflection structure: Model and simulation

To describe the dynamic response characteristics of the laminated graded-bandgap GaAs-based photocathode with distributed Bragg reflection structure, a general theoretical temporal response model is deduced by combining the unsteady continuity equation and numerical calculation method. Through the model, the contribution of the distribution Bragg reflection structure and graded-bandgap emission layer to the temporal response are investigated. Meanwhile, the relationships between the temporal response characteristics of the laminated GaAs-based photocathode and different structural parameters are also analyzed, including average electron decay time, emission layer thickness, and incident light wavelength. It is found that the introduction of distribution Bragg reflection (DBR) layer solves the discrepancy between the absorption capability of the emission layer and the temporal response. Moreover, the distributed Bragg reflection layer can improve the time response by optimizing the initial photoelectron distribution. The improvement effect of the DBR layer on the temporal response is enhanced with the emission layer thickness decreasing or the incident light wavelength increasing. These results explain the effect of the DBR layer of the photocathode on the dynamic characteristics, which can offer a new insight into the dynamic research of GaAs-based photocathode.     

Natural color low-level-light EBAPS imaging system based on three-color LCTF北大核心CSCD

The high-sensitivity electron bombarded active pixel sensor (EBAPS) not only has the characteristics of high gain and high sensitivity of vacuum imaging devices, but also has the digital characteristics of solid-state imaging devices, which greatly improves the level of night vision imaging. A natural color low-level-light EBAPS imaging system was built based on three-color liquid crystal tunable filter (LCTF). According to the characteristics of low-level-light images, the color enhancement processing such as grayscale stretching, white balance, and color correction was performed on the color images obtained by the system. The experimental results show that the system can realize the natural low-illumination color imaging that reflects the color characteristics of the scene itself, which can effectively improve the observation effect of the characteristics of the target scene at night, and can realize the color imaging under 5×10−4 lx illumination. © 2022 Editorial office of Journal of Applied Optics. All rights reserved.     

数字微光器件研究进展

数字微光器件作为新一代微光夜视装备的核心器件,相比于传统真空微光器件因具有数字化输出的优势而备受各国重视。本文综述了低照度CCD(charge-coupled devices)/CMOS(complementary metal oxide semiconductor)、科学级CMOS、像增强型CCD/CMOS、电子倍增CCD及电子轰击APS(active pixel sensor)/CCD等数字微光器件的研究现状,分析了数字微光器件的应用情况。最后,提出了微光技术和数字微光器件的发展趋势。     

微光像增强器积分灵敏度单次测量误差分析

为了提高批量微光像增强器性能参数的测试速度,通常采信单次测试数据作为测量结果。在该情况下,参数单次测量结果的误差将直接决定性能评价结果的准确性。以微光像增强器积分灵敏度的参数测试为例开展单次测量误差评定,通过对微光像增强器积分灵敏度的测试方法、测量装置、数据计算等误差情况进行综合分析,计算得到的积分灵敏度单次测量最大误差为6.7%;在该基础上,提出了采用更高加工精度光阑、对入射光测量位置进行修正以及阶段性辅助参量重复性测量校对的积分灵敏度单次测量误差控制方案。研究结果对微光像增强器批量化快速测试具有重要的指导意义和参考价值。     

紫外像增强器光谱响应特性测量方法研究

为了能及时测量自制紫外像增强器的光谱响应特性，设计了一套简便的测量紫外像增强器光谱响应的系统。该系统由专用光源室、光栅光谱仪、直流稳压电源、皮安电流计4部分构成。用光栅光谱仪配套软件直接读出光源每个波长对应的辐射功率；用皮安电流计直接测量出各个波长的光照射光阴极时光阴极产生的光电流，然后求出这2个比值并用Microsoft Excel 2003进行处理，得到光电流与波长变化的曲线，即相对光谱响应曲线。从曲线可以看出，该紫外像增强器的光谱响应范围为200nm～340nm，峰值响应在270nm附近，表明该紫外像增强器具有日盲特性。测试结果表明：系统不确定度＜10%。     

微光夜视器件划代方法初探

随着微光夜视技术不断发展,微光夜视器件呈现出了品种多、性能差异大、应用领域广的特点,如何从众多的微光夜视器件中梳理出其发展主线,已成为微光夜视器件从业者的研究热点。回顾了零代、一代、二代、三代、超二代微光夜视器件的发展历程,总结归纳了行业公认的零代、一代、二代、超二代、三代微光夜视器件的划代方法,并提出了“四代”微光夜视器件的概念,同时对非典型的几种微光夜视器件在微光夜视器件技术领域中所处的位置进行了说明,绘制了“树状图”,以便读者能够直观、准确、全面地了解每种微光夜视器件的技术特点以及它们在微光夜视器件技术领域所处的位置,对从事微光夜视器件技术研究者具有一定参考作用。     

紫外像增强器信噪比与MCP电压的关系

日盲型紫外像增强器在空间光学探测、环境监测、战略国防等方面上具有非常广阔的应用前景,参照微光像增强器信噪比测试原理,设计了紫外像增强器信噪比测试系统,并给出其测试条件,利用研制的信噪比测试仪研究了微通道板两端电压对日盲型紫外像增强器信噪比的影响,测量了其关系曲线。结果表明,在小于850 V区域内,紫外像增强器的输出信噪比随着MCP两端电压的增大而增大;当超过850 V时,MCP两端电压增大,紫外像增强器的输出信噪比基本维持不变。