Wigner函数的性质及其在一维无限深势阱和一维谐振子中的应用

首先介绍了Wigner函数的基本性质以及以Wigner函数为基础的相空间定态微扰理论,然后将其应用到一维无限深势阱和谐振子。 推导出一维无限深势阱所对应的Wigner函数,而且发现了存在于其纯态Wigner函数中奇特的压缩效应, 并利用不确定性关系给予了解释。同时计算出一维无限深势阱和谐振子在微扰的作用下,相应Wigner函数和能级的修正。 In this article, the qualities of Wigner function and the corresponding stationary perturbation theory are introduced and applied to one dimensional infinite potential well and one dimensional harmonic oscillator, and then the particular Wigner function of one dimensional infinite potential well is specified and a special constriction effect in its pure state Wigner function is discovered, to which, simultaneously, a detailed and reasonable explanation is elaborated from the perspective of uncertainty principle. Ultimately, the amendment of Wigner function and energy of one dimensional infinite potential well and one dimensional harmonic oscillator under perturbation are calculated according to stationary phase space perturbation theory.