我国固体物理理论研究的开拓者之一──李荫远教授

编者按１９８９年１０月１７日,中国科学院物理研究所召开了《李荫远先生从事科学研究活动４５周年座谈会》．会上所长杨国帧教授等分别向李荫远教授赠送了纪念品．中国科学院物理学数学部主任章综教授、副主任马大猷教授,中国科学院学部委员洪朝生教授等到会祝贺．现将李荫远教授从事科学研究活动４５年的主要经历和贡献介绍如下,以飨读者．     

半导体中光的相干传播理论(Ⅰ)

本文是半导体中光的相干传播理论的第一部分。在不考虑电子-电子间的相互作用时,我们得到了相干光作用下描述半导体带间跃迁矩阵元满足的布洛赫方程。半导体的带间跃迁形式上可类比于一个非均匀展宽的二能级系统能级间的跃迁;但是在强光的作用下会有一种特殊的多光子过程发生。 关键词：     

用光学方法实现幺正变换及一般线性变换(Ⅱ)——用迭代法求解

如何设计由全息透镜构成的光学系统用来实现所要求的变换,是当前应用光学的一个重要课题。本文提出了一个应用计算机的迭代求解法,并讨论了它的收敛性和采用有限维近似的问题。文中还通过简单的例子,分析了具体计算中出现的问题。     

GROWTH MODE OF Cu-RICH PARTICLES ON LASER-ABLATED YBa2Cu3O7 THIN FILMS

The microstructure of the laser-ablated YBa₂Cu₃O₇ (YBCO) thin film deposited on heated (100) SrTiO₃ substrate was examined by transmission electron microscope. The par-ticles on the film mainly consist of CuO and few CuYO₂. Most of these non-superconducting particles nucleate on or near the surface of the film and protrude about 100-400 nm in height, A large amount of a-axis YBCO grains also exist in the film, which nucleate at the substrate surface and grow perpendicularly above the c-axis YBCO film. The YBCO thin film deposited under low oxygen pressure has very different microstructure compared with YBCO thin film deposited under high oxygen pressure.     

Pico-second photoelectric characteristic in manganite oxide La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 films

Ultrafast photoelectric characteristic has been observed in La_0.67Ca_0.33MnO₃ films on tilted SrTiO₃ substrates. A pico-second (ps) open-circuit photovoltage of the perovskite manganese oxide films has been obtained when the films were irradiated by a 1.064μm laser pulse of 25 ps duration. The rise time and full width at half-maximum of the photovoltage pulse are ～300 ps and ～700 ps, respectively. The photovoltaic sensitivity was as large as ～500 mV/mJ.     

Design optimization of highly efficient spectrum-splitting and beam-concentrating diffractive optical element for lateral multijunction solar cells

Two improved algorithms are proposed to extend a diffractive optical element （DOE） to work under the broad spec- trum of sunlight. An optimum design has been found for the DOE, with a weighted average optical efficiency of about 6.8% better than that of the previous design. The optimization of designing high optical efficiency DOEs will pave the way for future designs of high-efficiency, low-cost lateral multijunction solar cells based on such a DOE.     

激光分子束外延制备高质量的YBCO超导薄膜

利用活化气体做氧源,使生长气压比普通脉冲激光沉积方法(PLD)低2～3个数量级,用激光分子束外延在SrTiO₃(100)衬底上制备出临界转变温度T_c0=85～87K,临界电流密度J_c≥1×10⁶A/cm²的高质量YBCO超导薄膜.原子力显微镜(AFM)测得表面无明显颗粒,均方根粗糙度约为7.8nm.在这种薄膜基础上制备的Josephson量子干涉器件(DC-SQUID)具有良好的温度循环稳定性.     

BaTiO3 /SrTiO3超晶格的激光分子束外延生长与二阶光学非线性研究

使用激光分子束外延 ,在SrTiO₃ ( 1 0 0 )单晶衬底上成功生长了一系列c轴取向的 ,具有原子量级控制精度的BaTiO₃/SrTiO₃超晶格 .利用晶格失配导致的薄膜表面台阶密度的周期性变化 ,讨论了反射式高能电子衍射 (RHEED)强度在BaTiO₃ 层和SrTiO₃ 层中的周期性调制 .系统研究了二阶非线性光学极化率同超晶格结构的关系 .实验测量和理论拟合结果表明 ,BaTiO₃ /SrTiO₃ 超晶格的二阶非线性光学极化率显著增强 ,其最大值比BaTi₃体单晶提高一个数量级以上 .从应力导致的晶格畸变和极化增强出发 ,讨论了二阶光学非线性增强的物理机制     

专题:水科学重大关切问题研究

<正>编者按水是世界中最重要也是最为奇特的物质.由于水的性质都具有反常的特点,水的理论和实验研究自身都极具挑战性,水参与各种物理、地质、化学、生命等过程,水的科学利用关系着人类的命运,水科学研究的重大意义是显而易见的.过去十年来,中国科学院组织相关研究所投入了可观的人力、物力全方位开展水科学研究,取得了一批     

Multiband Terahertz Photonic Band Gaps of Subwavelength Planar Fractals

Optical transmission properties of subwavelength planar fractals in terahertz （THz） frequency regime are studied by means of time-domain spectroscopy. The transmission spectra with multiple pass bands and stop bands are observed. The tunable photonic band gaps are realized by changing the angle between the principle axis of planar fractal and the polarization of THz wave. The possible application of the subwavelength optical component is discussed. We attribute the detected transmittance from subwavelength fractals to localized resonances.