利用Faraday效应的激光磁共振

本文叙述了在激光磁共振实验中,利用纵向磁光旋转效应-Famday效应来改善信噪比,并给出了这种方法的实验结果和理论分析.实验中,利用Faraday效应使信噪比改善约提高一个数量级.     

基于离线激光诱导击穿光谱方法的HL-2A石墨瓦沉积层初步分析

对HL-2A 偏滤器靶板和固定孔栏位置的石墨瓦进行了离线激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)测量，比较分析了沉积行为，初步得到了不同位置沉积层粒子种类(Fe、Si、H、D 等元素)及其深度的变化。与飞行时间二次离子质谱仪(TOF-SIMS)所得结果进行了对比，发现离子深度变化形貌趋同。根据沉积层有效信号激光数，得到激光烧蚀速率约为270nm/脉冲。     

^14N^16O分子X^2П3＼2R（1.5）v=0→1及^15N^16O分子X^2П3＼2Q（…

本文采用法拉弟效应的激光磁共振光谱技术，研究了一氧化氮分子＾１４Ｎ＾１６ＯＸ＾２П３／２Ｒ（１．５）ｖ＝０→１和同位素分子＾１５＾１６ＯＸ＾２П３／２Ｑ（１．５）ｖ＝０→跃迁的ＦＬＭＲ光谱，实验给出了样品浓度和信号强度之间的关系及调制磁场强度与ＦＬＭＲ信号强度之间的关系 。     

Development in the application of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in recent years: A review

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been widely studied due to its unique advantages such as remote sensing, real-time multi-elemental detection and none-to-little damage. With the efforts of researchers around the world, LIBS has been developed by leaps and bounds. Moreover, in recent years, more and more Chinese LIBS researchers have put tremendous energy in promoting LIBS applications. It is worth mentioning that the application of LIBS in a specific field has its special application background and technical difficulties, therefore it may develop in different stages. A review summarizing the current development status of LIBS in various fields would be helpful for the development of LIBS technology as well as its applications especially for Chinese LIBS community since most of the researchers in this field work in application. In the present work, we summarized the research status and latest progress of main research groups in coal, metallurgy, and water, etc. Based on the current research status, the challenges and opportunities of LIBS were evaluated, and suggestions were made to further promote LIBS applications.     

真空下激光烧蚀碳化钨铜多组分等离子体发射光谱的时空演化研究

激光诱导击穿光谱技术目前已用于国内大科学装置EAST托卡马克壁诊断。在真空环境下,如何提升LIBS定量分析准确性是其进一步发展的瓶颈问题之一。在真空中,激光诱导等离子体具有高度时空非均匀性,对等离子体时空演化行为的研究,理解各个物种的演化规律,是进一步改进LIBS定量分析准确性的重要内容。针对托卡马克第一壁和偏滤器的材料相关的不同元素,该工作在真空环境下利用波长为1 064 nm、脉宽5 ns、功率密度6.3 GW·cm^-2的脉冲激光对三元合金-碳化钨铜((WC)₇₀Cu₃₀)进行烧蚀产生多组分等离子体,使用线性阵列光纤实现了对发射光谱的时空分辨测量。以三种元素CⅠ833.51 nm, CⅡ657.81 nm, CuⅠ515.32 nm, CuⅡ512.45 nm, WⅠ429.46 nm, WⅡ434.81 nm六条谱线为研究对象,研究了激光烧蚀等离子体不同辐射机制的时间尺度以及多组分等离子体在扩张过程中发生的元素“空间分离”现象和“离子加速”现象。根据连续背景和六条谱线的时间演化规律,观察到连续辐射主要发生在等离子体...     

氢异常辉光放电阴极鞘层区中Hn+的质谱分析

利用三级差分抽气的分子束质谱装置,对短间隙纯氢异常辉光放电阴极鞘层区中Ｈ＾＋ｎ（ｎ＝１￣３）离子粒种及相以离子流强度与气压、放电电流的关系进行了研究。在１３３￣６６５Ｐａ氢气压下的放电离子流中,Ｈ＾＋占９０％以上,其次是Ｈ＾＋３,Ｇ＾＋２几近为零,且Ｈ＾＋与Ｈ＾＋３的离子流强度比值随气压升高迅速增加。同一气压下,放电电流在一定范围内变化只是改变总离子流的强度,而不同离子的相对离子流强度改变不大。对     

~(14)N~(16)O分子X~2Π_(3/2)R(1.5)v=0→1及~(15)N~(16)O分子X~2Π_(3/2)Q(1.5)v=0→1跃迁的FLMR光谱

本文采用法拉弟效应的激光磁共振光谱技术，研究了－氧化氮分子１４Ｎ１６ＯＸ２Π３／２Ｒ（１．５）ｖ＝０→１和同位素分子１５Ｎ１６ＯＸ２Π３／２Ｑ（１．５）ｖ＝０→１跃迁的ＦＬＭＲ光谱，实验给出了样品浓度和信号强度之间的关系及调制磁场强度与ＦＬＭＲ信号强度之间的关系。     

Review of LIBS application in nuclear fusion technology

Nuclear fusion has enormous potential to greatly affect global energy production. The next-generation tokamak ITER, which is aimed at demonstrating the feasibility of energy production from fusion on a commercial scale, is under construction. Wall erosion, material transport, and fuel retention are known factors that shorten the lifetime of ITER during tokamak operation and give rise to safety issues. These factors, which must be understood and solved early in the process of fusion reactor design and development, are among the most important concerns for the community of plasma–wall interaction researchers. To date, laser techniques are among the most promising methods that can solve these open ITER issues, and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an ideal candidate for online monitoring of the walls of current and next-generation (such as ITER) fusion devices. LIBS is a widely used technique for various applications. It has been considered recently as a promising tool for analyzing plasma-facing components in fusion devices in situ. This article reviews the experiments that have been performed by many research groups to assess the feasibility of LIBS for this purpose.     

355 nm激光光电离甲醛飞行时间质谱的研究

利用脉宽为5 ns脉冲Nd: YAG 355 nm激光在功率密度为10¹¹–10¹² W/cm²条件下实现了甲醛含水团簇多光子电离, 并用飞行时间质谱对其电离产物和电离过程进行了研究. 实验中观测到了甲醛的质子化团簇系列 (CH₂O)_nH⁺(n=1–4), 甲醛的去质子化团簇系列(CH₂O)_nCHO⁺ (n=1–3), 以及两个起源于H₂CO去质子和质子化的含水团簇系列HCO⁺(H₂O)_n(n=1,3,5)和H₃CO⁺(H₂O)_n(n=1,3,5), 并对其中的一些团簇结构构型进行了猜测. 研究在不同的激光功率密度下甲醛团簇质谱峰的变换情况, 当激光密度达到9.3× 10¹¹ W/cm², 开始出现CH₂O和H₂O本体及其光致碎片的信号, 但对应的各质量峰没有明显地分辨开, 而是以包络的形式出现, 这是激光电离产生高能离子释放的一种表现, 提出认等离子体动力学鞘层加速机制(模型)来解释高能离子形成的物理机制. 关键词： 甲醛 团簇 飞行时间质谱 激光电离     

基于LIBS技术的托卡马克装置壁表面成分在线诊断研究

托卡马克装置是环形的等离子体约束系统，被认为是最有可能实现受控热核聚变的方式.等离子体与壁材料相互作用(Plasma wall interaction, PWI)过程所产生的杂质会严重威胁托卡马克装置的高参量稳态运行，因而发展有效的壁杂质监测方法十分关键.激光诱导击穿光谱(Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, LIBS)技术被视为极具潜力的壁表面元素分析技术，相关研究有助于PWI各种物理过程和机理的深入理解，以及发展PWI的控制方法.本文对国内外LIBS壁诊断相关研究现状进行评述，并阐述LIBS壁诊断技术的发展趋势和亟待解决的关键问题.