On the persistence of elliptic lower-dimensional tori in Hamiltonian systems under the first Melnikov condition and Rüssmann’s non-degeneracy condition

In this paper we formulate a theorem on the persistence of elliptic lower-dimensional invariant tori for nearly integrable analytic Hamiltonian systems under the first Melnikov condition and Rüssmann’s non-degeneracy condition, and give the measure estimates of parameters for the non-resonance conditions under Rüssmann’s non-degeneracy condition, which is essential for the proof of our result.     

含吗啉基片段的水杨醛席夫碱类化合物的合成及其淬灭1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基性能

通过3-氟-4-吗啉基苯胺和取代水杨醛缩合反应,合成了14个含吗啉基片段水杨醛席夫碱类化合物(Ⅰa-Ⅰn)。通过核磁共振波谱仪(NMR)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、液相色谱-质谱联用仪(LC-MS)和元素分析等技术手段研究了产物的结构和淬灭1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基的活性。 结果表明,在0.02~0.10 g/L,所有化合物均表现出一定的淬灭DPPH自由基活性。 其中,化合物Ⅰd和Ⅰf表现出较为优异的性能,化合物Ⅰd的活性在30%~55%,化合物Ⅰf的活性则大于50%。 随着化合物Ⅰd、Ⅰh、Ⅰj和Ⅰn质量浓度的增大,其淬灭DPPH自由基的活性均呈现增强趋势。     

On the surjectivity of the almost linear operator and its applications

LetL be a self-adjoint linear operator andN be the gradient of a functional ϕ, which is almost quadratic. We first give a theorem on the surjectivity of the operatorL+N, then apply the result to semilinear elliptic systems:

匀浆提取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定烟草中亚硝胺含量

提出了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定烟草中N-亚硝基降烟碱(NNN)、N-亚硝基新烟草碱(NAT)、N-亚硝基假木贼碱(NAB)和4-甲基亚硝基吡啶基丁酮(NNK)等4种亚硝胺含量的方法。烟草样品经0.1mol.L-1乙酸铵溶液匀浆提取,离心分离取上清液过Waters AcquityUPLC BEH C18色谱柱(2.1mm×100mm,1.7μm)分离,以乙腈和0.01mol.L-1乙酸铵溶液按不同体积混合作流动相梯度洗脱。串联质谱测定中采用电喷雾离子源正离子模式和多反应监测模式检测,同位素内标法定量。NNK、NNN、NAB和NAT的检出限(3s)分别为0.06,0.17,0.15,0.053μg.L-1。方法的加标回收率在92.1%～104%之间;日内和日间相对标准偏差(n=7)分别为2.7%～3.3%和3.5%～4.2%。     

gem‐Difluorocarbadisaccharides: Restoring the exo‐Anomeric Effect

Molecular mimicry is an essential part of the development of drugs and molecular probes. In the chemical glycobiology field, although many glycomimetics have been developed in the past years, it has been considered that many failures in their use are related to the lack of the anomeric effects in these analogues. Additionally, the origin of the anomeric effects is still the subject of virulent scientific debates. Herein, by combining chemical synthesis, NMR methods, and theoretical calculations, we show that it is possible to restore the anomeric effect for an acetal when replacing one of the oxygen atoms by a CF₂ group. This result provides key findings in chemical sciences. On the one hand, it strongly suggests the key relevance of the stereoelectronic component of the anomeric effect. On the other hand, the CF₂ analogue adopts the natural glycoside conformation, which might provide new avenues for sugar‐based drug design.     

C5a受体拮抗剂W-54011的合成

以7-甲氧基-1-萘满酮为原料,经Wittig反应、去甲基化、烯醇互变和Jones氧化反应等制得关键中间体7-甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢化萘-1-羧酸(4); 4-异丙基苯胺和4-(二甲基胺基)苯甲醛经过还原胺化反应得(E)-4-{[(4-异丙基苯基)亚胺基]甲基}-N,N-二甲基苯胺(6); 4转化为相应的酰氯后与6反应合成N-[4-(二甲基氨基)苄基]-N-(4-异丙基苯基)-7-甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢化萘-1-甲酰胺(W-54011),总收率24%,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和HR-MS（ESI）表征。      

Catalytic properties of mesoporous materials supported heteropoly acids for Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of cyclic ketones

Three mesoporous molecular sieves loaded silicotungstic acids, named HSiW/SBA-15, HSiW/MCM-41, HSiW/MCM-48, were prepared and characterised by XRD, FT-IR, TEM and SEM. The catalytic performance of the prepared materials for the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of cyclic ketones was carried out in the presence of 30%H₂O₂ under mild conditions. These loading materials were proved to be efficient and reusable catalysts, they all exhibited excellent catalytic performance for the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of cyclic ketones with 30% H₂O₂ as oxidant. Many cyclic ketones were efficiently converted to the corresponding lactones with up to 90% conversions and high selectivities under the optimum reaction conditions.

Cyclic ketones were efficiently oxidised by mesoporous materials sopported silicotungstic acid to the corresponding lactones with 30%H₂O₂ as oxidant. All of the catalysts showed promising recyclability in the reactions.     

DISCUSSION ON THE APPLICATION OF NUMERICAL EXPERIMENT IN EXPERIMENTAL TEACHING OF FLUID MECHANICS

为强化学生对流体力学课程理论知识及实验教学环节的掌握,本文针对传统实验教学过程中受限于硬件设施、模型等问题,将数值模拟技术与流体力学实验教学相结合。以伯努利实验为例,应用数值模拟软件进行物理建模、网格划分、变参数数值模拟等实验内容,通过压力云图、流线等模拟结果对能量转换特性进行了分析,增强了学生对流体力学理论知识及相关参数的物理意义、变化特征等的理解,使学生在实验中产生强烈的“参与感”,有效地提高了教学水平和教学质量。     

攀登科学最高峰的第三世界科学家——1970年诺贝尔化学奖得主卢伊斯·弗德里科·莱洛伊尔

阿根廷生物化学家卢伊斯·弗德里科·莱洛伊尔因发现糖核苷酸及其在碳水化合物生物合成中的作用而获1970年诺贝尔化学奖。莱洛伊尔一生不仅致力于科学研究,还积极推动阿根廷的大学和医学教育,建立了致力于科学研究的坎波马尔基金会。本文回顾了莱洛伊尔的科研成果、相关研究背景以及他的科研历程,分析了他能够获得成功的因素;讨论了名师对科研人员学术指导的重要作用、及时调节研究过程中产生的各类情绪的积极意义以及敢于大胆跨界探索对科研人员的重要性。     

聚光光伏系统散热研究进展

对聚光光伏系统的发展过程进行了回顾.根据电池和聚光系统分类介绍了相匹配的散热冷却方式.电池组合方式简单、聚光倍数低的系统,使用传统风冷、水冷的被动散热即可满足要求;电池组合方式复杂、聚光倍数高的系统,常利用液浸冷却、射流冲击、通道冷却或多方法组合的新型冷却方式.指出在控制成本的前提下,选择系统可靠性高、结构简单的换热方...