全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1161篇 |
免费 | 19篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 783篇 |
晶体学 | 2篇 |
力学 | 85篇 |
数学 | 224篇 |
物理学 | 88篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 23篇 |
2021年 | 35篇 |
2020年 | 12篇 |
2019年 | 17篇 |
2018年 | 25篇 |
2017年 | 7篇 |
2016年 | 33篇 |
2015年 | 30篇 |
2014年 | 29篇 |
2013年 | 55篇 |
2012年 | 61篇 |
2011年 | 75篇 |
2010年 | 60篇 |
2009年 | 45篇 |
2008年 | 73篇 |
2007年 | 73篇 |
2006年 | 55篇 |
2005年 | 54篇 |
2004年 | 57篇 |
2003年 | 42篇 |
2002年 | 29篇 |
2001年 | 10篇 |
2000年 | 23篇 |
1999年 | 17篇 |
1998年 | 12篇 |
1997年 | 17篇 |
1996年 | 17篇 |
1995年 | 13篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 16篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 9篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 11篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 14篇 |
1983年 | 12篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 8篇 |
1979年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1969年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1182条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
Patrizia Cenci 《Czechoslovak Journal of Physics》1991,41(3):209-235
This paper presents results on the production and decay properties of the Intermediate Vector Bosons (IVB)W and Z0 and on the search of the top quark in the upgraded UA 2 detector at the CERNp¯p Collider. The analysed data have been taken in the 1988 and 1989 Collider running periods at the centre of mass energy of 630 GeV, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 7·4 pb–1. 相似文献
4.
A routine method for the determination of chloride, nitrate and sulfate anions in rainwater by capillary electrophoresis was developed. The system uses an end-column non-suppressed conductivity detector. Linear calibration plots were generated from 0.050 to 20 mg/l, which is the range generally found in wet depositions. Accuracy and precision were evaluated by analyzing certified standards of simulated rainwater and environmental samples, or by comparing CE results with those obtained by IC, the reference technique for anion analysis in wet deposition. The reproducibility of the method was satisfactory except at the lower and upper limits of the analytical range. Sensitivity lay in the range of few μg/l. 相似文献
5.
Glass fragments dating from the seventh and eighth century AD were excavated in the Crypta Balbi in Rome. They were studied to detect agents involved in colour development and opacification. Reflectance spectra recorded on powdered samples revealed the contribution of Fe(II), Fe(III), Mn(III), Cu(II), and Co(II) ions in determining colour hues. The effect of the Mn/Fe atomic ratio on glass colour is discussed. It is apparent that medieval glassmakers in Italy could obtain a wide range of colours by exploiting the presence of iron and manganese as contaminants of sand and flux and controlling the amount of oxygen let into the furnace. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis were used to study opaque fragments. The presence of calcium antimonate was detected in white, blue, and blue-green fragments, and elemental copper was detected in a red glass. 相似文献
6.
Oxyallyl cations generated in situ from dihaloketones have been found to undergo the Favorskii rearrangement in preference to an intramolecular Type-II 4 + 3 cycloaddition reaction in trifluoroethanol and hexafluoropropan-2-ol solvents, generating acrylate esters with high cis selectivity. A synthetic alternative to the intramolecular Type-II 4 + 3 cycloaddition has been developed on the basis of intramolecular enolate alkylation to close a 7-membered ring with an exocyclic double bond. 相似文献
7.
Carlo Anchisi Luciana Corda Antonio Maccioni Gianni Podda 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》1982,19(1):141-144
The action of acyl halides on heterocyclic compounds of five-membered rings containing an O-M-O (M ? P, As, Sb) linkage is described. The reactions were either carried out in the presence of a solvent (benzene or toluene) or by direct heating of the reagent with the substrate. In the case of arsole, stibole and stannole derivatives, the cleavage of O-M bond and the formation of the respective mono- and diesters were always obtained, while with the phospholes, no cleavage of the compounds was observed. The products IIa-c (M = Sb) have been obtained in excellent yields starting from VIa-c and antimony trichloride. The structure of the compounds which were prepared was determined by analytical and spectroscopic methods and also by comparations with authentic samples where possible. 相似文献
8.
Alessandra LattanziLiliana R. Orelli Patrizia BaroneAntonio Massa Patrizia IanneceArrigo Scettri 《Tetrahedron letters》2003,44(7):1333-1337
A mild and practical procedure of Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons olefination promoted by lithium hydroxide and α-cyano phosphonates has been set up for the synthesis of α,β-unsaturated nitriles. The reaction conditions are tolerated by functionalized ketones and the exclusive formation of E-γ-hydroxy α,β-unsaturated nitriles has been observed. 相似文献
9.
Tarozzi A Marchesi A Hrelia S Angeloni C Andrisano V Fiori J Cantelli-Forti G Hrelia P 《Photochemistry and photobiology》2005,81(3):623-629
Ultraviolet-A (UVA) radiation causes significant oxidative stress because it leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to extensive cellular damage and eventual cell death either by apoptosis or necrosis. We evaluated the protective effects of cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside (C-3-G) against UVA-induced apoptosis and DNA fragmentation in a human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT). Treatment of HaCaT cells with C-3-G before UVA irradiation inhibited the formation of apoptotic cells (61%) and DNA fragmentation (54%). We also investigated antioxidant properties of C-3-G in HaCaT cells against ROS formation at apoptotic doses of UVA; C-3-G inhibited hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) release (an indicator of cellular ROS formation) after UVA irradiation. Further confirmation of the potential of C-3-G to counteract UVA-induced ROS formation comes from our demonstration of its ability to enhance the resistance of HaCaT cells to the apoptotic effects of both H2O2 and the superoxide anion (O2*-), two ROS involved in UVA-oxidative stress. Furthermore, in terms of Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Activity, C-3-G treatment led to a greater increase in antioxidant activity in the membrane-enriched fraction than in the cytosol (55% vs 19%). The protective effects against UVA-induced ROS formation can be attributed to the higher membrane levels of C-3-G incorporation. These encouraging in vitro results support further research into C-3-G (and other anthocyanins) as novel agents for skin photoprotection. 相似文献
10.
Bendazzoli Gianni L. Raimondi Mario Garetz Bruce A. George Thomas F. Morokuma Keiji 《Theoretical chemistry accounts》1977,44(4):341-350
Semiclassical calculations are carried out by two methods for the problem of collision-induced predissociation of electronically excited I2. The first method is that of surface-hopping with the Landau-Zener model. The second method is similar to surface-hopping, except that analytic continuation of the adiabatic potential energy surfaces replaces the Landau-Zener model. Results of the calculations by the two methods compare favorably with each other and with experiment. The possible advantages of the second method are discussed.Camille and Henry Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar, Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellow. 相似文献