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The electronic second hyperpolarizability γ of the carbon tetrachloride molecule is calculated by the ab initio molecular orbital method considering electron correlation with large basis sets. The static electronic γ value with the CCSD(T) method is 1.65 times the Hartree-Fock value, indicating a considerable electron correlation effect. Taking account of the frequency dispersion and vibrational effects, we estimate the most probable theoretical γ value at 800 nm to be around 17900au (9.0 × 10?36 esu). On the other hand, the experimental value recently observed by optical Kerr effect method is 10.6 × 10?36 esu at 800nm. It is concluded that the major part of the experimental χ(3) value of carbon tetrachloride can account for the static electronic hyperpolarizability. 相似文献
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YOSHIHISA FUJIWARA JUN HAMADA TAKESHI AOKI TAKASHI SHIMIZU YOSHIFUMI TANIMOTO HIROAKI YONEMURA 《Molecular physics》2013,111(9):1405-1411
High magnetic field dependence of lifetimes of methylene-chain-linked radical ion pairs (RIPs) generated by photo-induced electron transfer from zinc(II) porphyrin to viologen has been confirmed in aqueous acetonitrile using a pulse magnet-laser flash photolysis apparatus. In the case of a short methylene chain it was first revealed that the dependence was definitely different from that for a long one, and was characterized by a reversal in the dependence. In addition to a long lifetime independent of the magnetic field, RIP in fields above 7T exhibited short lifetimes that depended on the field. These results were interpreted not only by spin-lattice (longitudinal) relaxation but also by spin-spin (transverse) relaxation in RIPs. 相似文献
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Carbon nanotubes were placed in magnetic fields of 80.0 kOe at temperatures of 231 K and 314 K. Scanning electron microscopy showed that nanotubes were oriented with the tube axis parallel to the fields. It was also observed that the probability of the orientation became higher, when the temperature was raised from 231 K to 314 K. The anisotropy in the susceptibilities parallel X∥ and perpendicular X ⊥ to the tube axis is suggested to increase with rise in temperature: X∥ ? X⊥ = (4 ± 2) × 10?6 emu mol?1 (per mol of carbon atoms) at 231 K and X∥ ? X⊥ = (45 ± 27) × 10?6 emu mol?1 at 314 K. 相似文献
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ATSUSHI ISHIDA KENJI KOSAKA HIROSHI HAMADA 《The Journal of mathematical sociology》2014,38(4):269-284
Rapid economic growth sometimes intensifies people's frustration. In this article, we attempt to formulate this kind of paradox of economic growth, and to explain theoretically how economic growth increases people's dissatisfaction by way of the notion of relative deprivation by employing the theoretical framework of Yitzhaki's relative deprivation index. We introduce the problem of the China puzzle as the latest case of the paradox. Then, we introduce the definition of Yitzhaki's index of relative deprivation, and use this to explain the China puzzle. Besides, through a theoretical examination of Yitzhaki's index, we propose a proposition proving that an increase of relative deprivation in the society can occur even when the amount of wealth increases and the degree of inequality reduces. 相似文献
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MIKIO YAMASHITA TAKAHISA TOMONO SHYUNSUKE KOBAYASHI KENJI TORIZUKA KATSUO AIZAWA TAKUZO SATO 《Photochemistry and photobiology》1988,47(2):189-192
Abstract— By using a highly sensitive streak-camera technique, we investigate incorporation processes of HpD into malignant tumor m-KSA cells in vitro. The picosecond decays of the total fluorescence spectra, the wavelength-resolved fluorescence decays and the time-resolved fluorescence spectra from HpD in the cells are measured as a function of the incubation time. The results show that the aggregate component of HpD which has a fast fluorescence lifetime of 100 ps and a red-shifted band of ∼ 660 nm selectively accumulates more and more in the cells with the increase of the incubation time. 相似文献
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Molecular dynamics simulations of the Gay-Berne model have been undertaken and optical response properties calculated for the isotropic and nematic phases. The components of the optical response were calculated for the coordinate system with respect to the director. Furthermore, the response for the components was separated into the orientational and collision induced contributions in order to analyse the mechanism of the optical response. It was observed, in particular, that one of the depolarized components of the response function does not vanish after long times for the nematic phase, unlike in the isotropic phase. This means that the orientation of the director can be permanently changed by instant irradiation with polarized light. The results give a microscopic picture of the optical Kerr effect in nematic liquid crystals. 相似文献
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KENJI FUJIWARA 《Natural Resource Modeling》2010,23(4):591-609
Abstract This paper develops a reciprocal market model of international duopoly with transboundary pollution from consumption to examine the effects of bilateral tariff reductions on the equilibrium pollution tax and welfare. I show that tariff reductions induce each country to raise an emission tax and that trade liberalization is welfare improving if the parameter of pollution damages is sufficiently large. These results are in contrast to the case of production‐generated pollution, and I seek the reason for this contrast. 相似文献
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Static molecular second hyperpolarizabilities γ of several donor-π-acceptor molecules have been examined using an ab initio molecular orbital (MO) method to evaluate the effects of substituents and molecular distortion on γ. It was found that γ values of the donor-π-acceptor compounds are affected by the degree of π electron delocalization more than the donor or acceptor strength of the substituents. Also it was found that contributions from higher order excitation process are not negligible for γ values of the donor-π-acceptor molecules. 相似文献
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Kenji WADA Yoshihiro MlSHINA Shigenori FUJIWARA Hiromichi HORINAKA Yoshio CHO Tokuo UMEDA 《Optical Review》1999,6(2):93-96
Aiming at the realization of optical CT (computed tomography), the extraction of quasi-straightforward-propagating photons from optical pulses transmitting through a standard scattering medium of Intralipid-10% aqueous solution has been demonstrated by an up-conversion method (second harmonic generation). We have found that this operates as a coherent light detection method rather than a time-gate one and extends the dynamic range where the Lambert-Beer’s law holds to − 86 dB. We have also proposed improvements to obtain the largest possible dynamic range by such an up-conversion technique. 相似文献
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