Properties of a quasi-uniformly monotone operator and its application to the electromagnetic p-curl systems

In this paper we propose a new concept of quasi-uniform monotonicity weaker than the uniform monotonicity which has been developed in the study of nonlinear operator equation Au = b. We prove that if A is a quasi-uniformly monotone and hemi-continuous operator, then A^?1 is strictly monotone, bounded and continuous, and thus the Galerkin approximations converge. Also we show an application of a quasi-uniformly monotone and hemi-continuous operator to the proof of the well-posedness and convergence of Galerkin approximations to the solution of steady-state electromagnetic p-curl systems.

     

Bioremediation of Cd by Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation

Contamination by Cd is a significant environmental problem. Therefore, we examined Cd removal from an environmental perspective. Ureolysis-driven calcium carbonate precipitation has been proposed for use in geotechnical engineering for soil remediation applications. In this study, 55 calcite-forming bacterial strains were newly isolated from various environments. Biomineralization of Cd by calcite-forming bacteria was investigated in laboratory-scale experiments. A simple method was developed to determine the effectiveness of microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP). Using this method, we determined the effectiveness of biomineralization for retarding the flow of crystal violet through a 25-mL column. When the selected bacteria were analyzed using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer, high removal rates (99.95 %) of Cd were observed following incubation for 48 h. Samples of solids that formed in the reaction vessels were examined using a scanning electron microscope. The CdCO₃ compounds primarily showed a spherical shape. The results of this study demonstrate that MICP-based sequestration of soluble heavy metals via coprecipitation with calcite may be useful for toxic heavy metal bioremediation.     

Fabrication and physical properties of lanthanide oxide glass wasteform for the immobilization of lanthanide oxide wastes generated from pyrochemical process

The pyrochemical process, which uses a dry method to recycle used nuclear fuel generates waste LiCl–KCl salt containing radioactive lanthanide elements. To reuse LiCl–KCl salt, the lanthanide elements are separated through a precipitation method promoted by oxygen sparging and the separated fission product of lanthanide oxide should be fabricated into durable wasteforms sustainable for several 1,000 years to store in a final geological repository. Herein, we report the fabrication of a borosilicate glass based wasteform with a glass matrix of SiO₂–Al₂O₃–B₂O₃ having a high waste loading of 50 wt% lanthanide oxide. Th physical properties of four kinds of wasteforms having a different lanthanide oxide waste composition were evaluated. To investigate the long-term physical stability of each sample having 50 wt% lanthanide oxide waste loading, time–temperature–transformation (TTT) test was conducted at 500 and 700 °C for 60 and 180 h, and the physical properties were evaluated after each TTT test.     

Synchronization and secure communication of chaotic systems via robust adaptive high-gain fuzzy observer

This paper proposes an alternative robust adaptive high-gain fuzzy observer design scheme and its application to synchronization and secure communication of chaotic systems. It is assumed that their states are immeasurable and their parameters are unknown. The structure of the proposed observer is represented by Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model and has the integrator of the estimation error. It improves the performance of high-gain observer and makes the proposed observer robust against noisy measurements, uncertainties and parameter perturbations as well. Using Lyapunov stability theory, an adaptive law is derived to estimate the unknown parameters and the stability of the proposed observer is analyzed. Some simulation result of synchronization and secure communication of chaotic systems is given to present the validity of theoretical derivations and the performance of the proposed observer as an application.     

Bidirectional transfer of quantum information for unknown photons via cross-Kerr nonlinearity and photon-number-resolving measurement

We propose an arbitrary controlled-unitary(CU) gate and a bidirectional transfer scheme of quantum information(BTQI) for unknown photons.The proposed CU gate utilizes quantum non-demolition photon-number-resolving measurement based on the weak cross-Kerr nonlinearities(XKNLs) and two quantum bus beams;the proposed CU gate consists of consecutive operations of a controlled-path gate and a gathering-path gate.It is almost deterministic and is feasible with current technology when a strong amplitude of the coherent state and weak XKNLs are employed.Compared with the existing optical multi-qubit or controlled gates,which utilize XKNLs and homodyne detectors,the proposed CU gate can increase experimental realization feasibility and enhance robustness against decoherence.According to the CU gate,we present a BTQI scheme in which the two unknown states of photons between two parties(Alice and Bob) are mutually swapped by transferring only a single photon.Consequently,by using the proposed CU gate,it is possible to experimentally implement the BTQI scheme with a certain probability of success.     

Comment on “Quantum Signature Scheme with Weak Arbitrator”

This comment explains that the quantum signature scheme proposed by Ming-Xing Luo et al. (in Int. J. Theor. Phys. 51:2134, 2012) cannot satisfy the signature requirements. The comment presents methods of possible attacks by forgers, while also demonstrating that it is difficult to proceed by the normal protocol because of some errors in the formula of the scheme.     

On the determination of VOCs emission factors in dry building materials

A comprehensive modelling study was performed to determine volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission factors in dry building materials. In order to examine the emission characteristics of VOCs in dry building materials (carpet), an experiment was conducted, and a mathematical methodology was considered together with a numerical work for a validation. Here, a new representative airside VOCs concentration was considered in a mode different from that of previous studies, which allows us to evaluate VOCs emission factors more accurately.     

Model reference adaptive synchronization of T–S fuzzy discrete chaotic systems using output tracking control

This paper presents a model reference adaptive control approach for the synchronization of a discrete-time chaotic systems using output tracking control. The reference model system is chosen using the output of master system and Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy model is employed to represent the discrete-time chaotic slave system. Design the control input so that the controlled slave system achieves asymptotic synchronization with the reference system given that two systems start from different initial conditions, different parameters and/or different type of model. Using a gradient algorithm, the ideal controller gains which can stabilize the error equation are estimated. Simulation examples of two cases are given to demonstrate the validity of our proposed adaptive method.     

Asymptotic results for random processes

In this paper we establish asymptotic results and a generalized uniform law of the iterated logarithm (LIL) for the increments of a strictly stationary random process, whose results are proved by separating linearly positive quadrant dependent (LPQD) random process and linearly negative quadrant dependent (LNQD) one, respectively.