Dynamic equilibrium formulation of the oligopolistic market problem

The aim of this paper is to generalize the oligopolistic market equilibrium problems when the data depend on time. We present results regarding the existence of solutions to such problems. Moreover, we show that continuity regularity results hold, and we use them in order to numerically solve the dynamic equilibrium problem.     

Identification and structural characterization by LC‐ESI‐IONTRAP and LC‐ESI‐TOF of some metabolic conjugation products of homovanillic acid in urine of neuroblastoma patients

The levels of urinary catecholamine metabolites, such as homovanillic acid (HVA) and vanillylmandelic acid, are routinely used as a clinical tool in the diagnosis and follow‐up of neuroblastoma (NB) patients. Recently, in the Clinical Pathology Laboratory Unit of G. Gaslini Children Hospital, a commercial method that employs liquid chromatography coupled to electrochemical detection (LC‐EC) has been introduced for the measurement of these metabolites in the routine laboratory practice. Using this LC‐EC method, an unknown peak could be observed only in samples derived from NB patients. To investigate the nature of this peak, we used a combination of liquid chromatography‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (LC‐TOF‐MS) and liquid chromatography‐ion trap tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐IT‐MS). The first approach was used to obtain the elemental composition of the ions present in this new signal. To get additional structural information useful for the elucidation of unknown compounds, the ion trap analyzer was exploited. We were able to identify not just one, but three unknown signals in urine samples from NB patients which corresponded to three conjugated products of HVA: HVA sulfate and two glucuronoconjugate isomers. The enzymatic hydrolysis with β‐glucuronidase confirmed the proposed structures, while the selective alkaline hydrolysis allowed us to distinguish the difference between phenol‐ and acyl‐glucuronide of HVA. The latter was the unknown peak observed in LC‐EC separations of urine samples from NB patients. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Dynamic spatial price equilibrium problem: regularity results and computational procedure

In this paper we consider the dynamic spatial price equilibrium problem and the associated evolutionary variational inequality. In particular the regularity of equilibrium solutions is studied and a method for solving the dynamic spatial price equilibrium problem is presented. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Preface to Variational Analysis for Beginners

Set-Valued and Variational Analysis -     

Regularity results for evolutionary nonlinear variational and quasi-variational inequalities with applications to dynamic equilibrium problems

The aim of this paper is to obtain the continuity of solutions to time-dependent nonlinear variational and quasi-variational inequalities which express many dynamic equilibrium problems. To prove our results, we make use of Minty’s Lemma and of the notion of the Mosco’s convergence.     

On Lagrange duality theory for dynamics vaccination games

The authors study an infinite dimensional duality theory finalized to obtain the existence of a strong duality between a convex optimization problem connected with the management of vaccinations and its Lagrange dual. Specifically, the authors show the solvability of a dual problem using as basic tool an hypothesis known as Assumption S. Roughly speaking, it requires to show that a particular limit is nonnegative. This technique improves the previous strong duality results that need the nonemptyness of the interior of the convex ordering cone. The authors use the duality theory to analyze the dynamic vaccination game in order to obtain the existence of the Lagrange multipliers related to the problem and to better comprehend the meaning of the problem.

     

Disassembly of an excited nuclear aggregate through sequential decay

The disassembly of an excited nuclear aggregate is described as a time-dependent decay process in which clusters are continuously and sequentially emitted by the primitive aggregate and those which have already been formed at a given time. The dynamics describe the rate at which the different species are generated as well as the rate at which the system de-excites and expands isotropically in space. The model is applied to the study of sequentially decaying⁴⁰Ar as a function of the initial excitation energy.     

Inexpensive isolation of beta-D-glucopyranosidase from alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase,alpha-L-rhamnopyranosidase,and o-acetylesterase

β-d-Glucopyranosidase (βG, EC 3.2.1.21) has been isolated from some collateral activities, α-l-arabinofuranosidase (Ara, EC3.2.1.55), α-l-rhamnopyranosidase (Rha, EC 3.2.1.40), and o-acetylesterase (Est, EC 3.1.1.53), using a commercial enzyme preparation and a simple method economically sustainable for the food industry. The procedure comprises precipitation of extraneous substances by adding ethanol and CaCl₂, ultrafiltration, and adsorption, first on bentonite and then on chitosan. The results obtained were the complete isolation of βG from the above-mentioned activities, a drastic reduction in extraneous compounds, such as brown substances and polysaccharides, and a slight increase in purification.