5-(对羧基苯偶氮)-8-羟基喹啉与钍的显色反应及应用

研究了钍与5-(对羧基苯偶氮)-8-羟基喹啉(5-CPAHQ)的显色反应条件:在阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)存在下,pH4.4-5.4缓冲介质中,形成稳定的橙红色络合物,最大吸收波长为490nm,ε=1.10×105L·mol-1·cm-1,钍在0-9μg/25mL范围内符合比尔定律。用TBP萃淋树脂分离,该方法可用于测定矿石中的微量钍。     

PREPARATION OF POLY（METHYL METHACRYLATE）/LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES NANOCOMPOSITES via in situ SOLUTION POLYMERIZATION

An exfoliated layered double hydroxides/poly(methyl methacrylate)(LDHs/PMMA)nanocomposite was prepared by in situ solution polymerization of methyl methacrylate(MMA)in the presence of 4-vinylbenzenesulfonate intercalated LDHs(MgAl-VBS LDHs).MgAl-VBS LDHs was prepared by the ion exchange method,and the structure and composition of the MgA1-VBS LDHs were determined by X-ray diffraction(XRD),infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis.XRD and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)were employed to examine the structure of LDHs/PMMA nanocomposite.It was indicated that the LDHs layers were well exfoliated and dispersed in the PMMA matrix.The grafting of PMMA onto LDHs was confirmed by the extraction result and the weight fraction of grafted PMMA increased as the weight fraction of LDHs in the nanocomposites increased.     

8,10-二炔廿五碳酸LB膜的周期结构

合成了8,10-二炔廿五碳酸,在玻璃片、石英片和镀金片上沉积了它的LB膜,X-射线衍射研究了LB膜的周期结构和聚合对它的影响。在2θ=1°—15°范围内观察到了多达7个布拉格衍射峰。由此计算了等同周期和分子在基片上的倾斜角。用分子模型计算了衍射峰强度,得到了与实验结果相符合的衍射峰强度奇偶起伏现象。     

KINETICS OF SUSPENDED EMULSION POLYMERIZATION OF METHYL METHACRYLATE

The kinetics of suspended emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA), in which water acted as the dispersed phase and the mixture of MMA and cyclohexane as the continuous phase, was investigated. It showed that the initial polymerization rate (Rp0) and steady-state polymerization rate (Rp) were proportional to the mass ratio between water and oil phase, and increased as the polymerization temperature, the potassium persulphate concentration ([I]) and the Tween20 emulsifier concentration ([S]) increased. The relationships between the polymerization rate and [I] and [S] were obtained as follows: Rp0 ∝ [I]0.73[S]0.32 and Rp ∝ [I]0.71[S]0.23. The above exponents were close to those obtained from normal MMA emulsion polymerization. It also showed that the average molecular weight of the resulting poly(methyl methacrylate) decreased as the polymerization temperature, [I] and [S] increased. Thus, MMA suspended emulsion polymerization could be considered as a combination of many miniature emulsion polymerizations proceeding in water drops and obeyed the classical kinetics of MMA emulsion polymerization.     

表面解吸常压化学电离质谱法分析纺织品中致癌芳香胺

采用表面解吸常压化学电离质谱法(DAPCI-MS),建立了一种能直接对棉布等纺织品表面8种致癌芳香胺快速进行定性定量检测的方法。实验结果表明,在无需样品预处理的情况下,方法仍然能够保持相对较高的灵敏度,检出限0.02~0.58 pg/mm2,相对标准偏差1.8%~4.3%,回收率78.4%~90.7%。单个样品的检测时间不超过30 s。DAPCI-MS技术适合分析各种材料表面,包括丝绸、麻、羊毛以及各种化纤制品。     

气相色谱-质谱联用法测定乐果的不确定度评定

本文以测定样品中乐果的含量为例,评定了气相色谱-质谱联用法测定结果的不确定度.建立数学模型,分析各不确定度分量,将不确定度分量合成,并计算其测定结果的扩展不确定度.     

酚醛-重氮萘醌正性抗蚀剂溶解抑制机理

本文综述了酚醛 重氮萘醌正性抗蚀剂的溶解抑制机理,主要包括(1)分子间氢键作用机理;(2)偶联反应机理;(3)两步即静态、动态溶解抑制机理;(4)表面沉积溶解抑制机理;(5)酚醛树脂的分子溶解及相关的抑制机理.     

较细ZnS:Mn/PVP纳米纤维的制备及表征

采用静电纺丝的方法制备了ZnS:Mn/Polyvinylpyrrolidone复合纳米纤维.使用的溶剂为水、乙醇及DMF(N,N-Dimediylfommnide),的使用有助于制备较细的纤维,电纺溶液中随着聚合物PVP浓度降低,纤维的直径变小,当PVP质量分数为6.6%时,纤维的直径是80 nm,通过荧光显微镜和荧光光谱仪的测试可以知道,该纤维能够发光.基于纤维的发光及直径较小的特性,该纤维在一维纳米光电子领域有着潜在的应用.     

SiC和石墨混杂增强铜基复合材料的高温摩擦磨损特性研究

采用MMU-5G型端面摩擦磨损试验机研究了SiC和石墨颗粒混杂增强铜基复合材料在250～400 ℃与GCr15钢对摩时的高温摩擦磨损特性,并与SiC/Cu复合材料进行对比分析.结果表明:加入石墨颗粒可以降低复合材料和偶件GCr15钢的磨损率,获得低而稳定的摩擦系数;同时,有效防止高温条件下严重粘着转移现象的发生,使得在400 ℃下混杂复合材料仍具有较低的磨损率.这是由于在混杂增强铜基复合材料的高温磨损表面上通过"磨屑机械混合→热压"的机制形成了连续的富石墨机械混合层,而对磨损表面起到良好的固体润滑作用,使得SiC和石墨混杂增强铜基复合材料具有良好的高温摩擦磨损特性.     

非约束纯相位空间匹配滤波器设计研究

根据非约束相关匹配滤波器和纯相位匹配滤波器的概念,分析了非约束纯相位匹配滤波器的特性及其在光学相关识别中的应用,并与其他典型纯相位匹配滤波器进行了比较.模拟和实验结果表明,非约束纯相位匹配滤波器具有畸变容限大、相关峰高、算法简单的特点.用于光学相关识别是一种实用的空间匹配滤波器算法.