New clerodane diterpenoid from the bulbils of Dioscorea bulbifera

A new clerodane diterpenoid has been isolated from the acetone extract of bulbils of Dioscorea bulbifera. The structure of compound 1 was established as 15,16-epoxy-6alpha-O-acety1-8beta-hydroxy- 9-nor-clero-13(16),14-diene-17,12;18,2-diolide on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic techniques.     

A new azafluorenone from the roots of Polyalthia cerasoides and its biological activity

Chromatographic separation of the ethyl acetate extract of roots of Polyalthia cerasoides has led to the isolation of the new compound, 6,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1-methyl-azafluorenone. This compound exhibited potent cytotoxic activities with IC50 values in the range of 2.64-3.58 microg x mL(-1) for A549, GLC4 and GLC4/Adr cells, but was not recognized by ABCC1/MRP1 protein. The compound also showed very strong inhibition of M. tuberculosis using a broth microdilution method, with an MIC value of 0.78 microg x mL(-1), which was equal to that of ofloxacin, one of the four antibiotic drugs used as a positive control.     

Rapid separation and highly sensitive detection methodology for sulfonamides in shrimp using a monolithic column coupled with BDD amperometric detection

In this report, we aimed to extend our previous efforts toward the evaluation of sulfonamides (SAs) with a boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode. We improved this method by reducing the analysis time using a monolithic column coupled with amperometric detection to determine seven sulfonamides (sulfaguanidine, sulfadiazine, sulfamethazine, sulfamonomethoxine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfadimethoxine and sulfaquinoxaline). Because of its rapid separation, low back-pressure and high separation efficiency compared to a particle-packed column, a monolithic column (100 mm × 4.6 mm) was used for sulfonamide separation. Chromatographic separation was performed in less than 8 min. The analysis was carried out using phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH 3): acetonitrile: methanol in a ratio of 80:15:5 (v/v/v) as the mobile phase with a flow rate of 1.5 mL min⁻¹. The optimal detection potential using hydrodynamic voltammetry was found to be 1.2 V versus Ag/AgCl. The method was applied to determine seven sulfonamides in shrimp after sample preparation by solid-phase extraction. The recoveries of the sulfonamides in spiked shrimp samples at 1.5, 5 and 10 μg g⁻¹ were in the range of 81.7 to 97.5% with a relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) between 1.0 and 4.6%. Our methodology produced results that were highly correlated with HPLC-MS data. Therefore, we propose a method that can be used for the rapid, selective and sensitive evaluation of sulfonamides in contaminated food.