（0,1;0）-INTERPOLATION ON INFINITE INTERVAL （-∞, ＋∞）

In this paper, we study the explicit representation and convergence of （0, 1;0）-interpolation on infisite interval, which means to determine a polynomial of degree ≤ 3n - 2 when the function values areprescribed at two set of points namely the zeros of Hn（x） and H′n （x） and the first derivatives at the zerosof H′n（x）.     

Role of Surface Molecular Architecture and Energetics of Hydrogen Bonding Sites in Adsorption of Polymers and Surfactants

Hydrogen bonding is generally thought to be an ubiquitous adsorption mechanism, which often foils selective adsorption schemes. Through investigation of hydrogen bonding energy and its dependence on surface molecular architecture, it may be possible to develop new methodologies to control the adsorption of surfactants and polymeric flocculants, depressants, and dispersants used in particulate processing industries. A model system using St?ber silica spheres and polyethylene oxide, a polymer known for its ability to form hydrogen bonds, was examined. The effect of two different surface treatments of the silica particles, calcination and rehydroxylation, upon the adsorption of two polymer molecular weights was studied. The adsorption behavior was then linked to the respective surface structures via characterization of the surfaces using FTIR, NMR, and Raman techniques. In this paper role of hydrogen bonding sites and surface architecture on adsorption is discussed. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.     

Estimation of effective diffusion coefficients of model solutes through gastric mucus: assessment of a diffusion chamber technique based on spectrophotometric analysis.

A diffusion chamber technique based on spectrophotometric analysis to determine effective diffusion coefficients for solutes with various relative molecular mass (Mr) values and properties, passing through native mucus gel, is reported. For all solutes studied, a reduction in effective diffusion coefficients is observed with a retardation of solute flux by a factor of at least two. For the solutes investigated (with Mr values ranging from 126-14,400 u), no consistent effect of solutes of low Mr was evident with regard to the retarding effect of mucus; however, at high Mr values (greater than 4000 u) the retardation was greatly enhanced. A possible relationship between charged solutes of low Mr and the degree of retardation was observed, which possibly suggests the presence of ionic interactions of the solutes with the largely negatively charged mucus gel. The results provide further evidence for the suggestion that mucus is acting more than simply as a gel support for an unstirred water layer and is perhaps a more potent diffusion barrier to specific solutes.     

2020 Roadmap on two-dimensional nanomaterials for environmental catalysis

This roadmap demonstrates a series of two-dimensional nanomaterials, such as graphene, black phosphorus, oxides, layered double hydroxides, chalcogenides, bismuth-based layered compounds, MXenes, metal organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, and others, for environmental catalysis.     

Interfacial and micellar properties of binary mixtures of surfactant and phospholipid in an aqueous medium

Mixed micelles formed by zwitterionic surfactant dimethyldodecylammniopropane sulfonate and short-chain phospholipid 1,2-diheptanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine in different proportions in an aqueous medium have been studied physicochemically at an air/water interface and in the bulk by using interfacial tension and pyrene fluorescence intensity measurements, respectively. The critical micellar concentration and free energies of micellization and of interfacial adsorption have been determined. The interfacial study reveals that a mixed monolayer is formed at the air/water interface by the adsorption of surfactant and phospholipid monomers. This has been confirmed by evaluating the interfacial parameters; the maximum surface excess, the minimum area per molecule of a surface-active compound, and the Gibbs surface excess related to surface pressure. The nonideality of mixing, expressed in the terms of the regular solution interaction parameter, #, has negative values over the whole mole fraction range. The negative # values indicate the mutual synergism between the surfactant and phospholipid monomers. The equilibrium distribution of components between micelle and monomer phases was evaluated using a theoretical treatment based on excess thermodynamics quantities evaluated by Motomura's formulation.     

CdSe quantum dot-dispersed DOBAMBC: an electro-optical study

Cadmium selenide quantum dot (CdSe QD) has been used as a dopant in ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) 2-methylbutyl 4-(4-decyloxybenzylideneamino) cinnamate (DOBAMBC). Effect of CdSe QD in DOBAMBC on its different electro-optical (E-O) properties has been studied in the SmC* phase. The optical micrographs recorded for the pure and composite material are showing good dispersion of QDs in the FLC matrix. Micrographs of unaligned sample cell revealed that CdSe QDs induce homeotropic alignment of FLC molecules. An appreciable change in the value of E-O parameters like tilt angle, spontaneous polarisation and response time with shifting of SmA–SmC* phase transition temperature has been observed for CdSe QD–DOBAMBC composite. The observed properties of composite system have been discussed on the basis of surface properties of QDs in FLC system.     

Chemosensors and biosensors based on polyelectrolyte microcapsules containing fluorescent dyes and enzymes

The concept of enzyme-assisted substrate sensing based on use of fluorescent markers to detect the products of enzymatic reaction has been investigated by fabrication of micron-scale polyelectrolyte capsules containing enzymes and dyes in one entity. Microcapsules approximately 5 μm in size entrap glucose oxidase or lactate oxidase, with peroxidase, together with the corresponding markers Tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) dichloride (Ru(dpp)) complex and dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR123), which are sensitive to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, respectively. These capsules are produced by co-precipitation of calcium carbonate particles with the enzyme followed by layer-by-layer assembly of polyelectrolytes over the surface of the particles and incorporation of the dye in the capsule interior or in the multilayer shell. After dissolution of the calcium carbonate the enzymes and dyes remain in the multilayer capsules. In this study we produced enzyme-containing microcapsules sensitive to glucose and lactate. Calibration curves based on fluorescence intensity of Ru(dpp) and DHR123 were linearly dependent on substrate concentration, enabling reliable sensing in the millimolar range. The main advantages of using these capsules with optical recording is the possibility of building single capsule-based sensors. The response from individual capsules was observed by confocal microscopy as increasing fluorescence intensity of the capsule on addition of lactate at millimolar concentrations. Because internalization of the micron-sized multi-component capsules was feasible, they could be further optimized for in-situ intracellular sensing and metabolite monitoring on the basis of fluorescence reporting.