Study on the mechanism of catalytic synthesis of dimethyldichlorosilane by AlCl3/MIL‐53(Al)@γ‐Al2O3

Dimethyldichlorosilane, one of the most consumed organosilicon monomers in the industry, can be prepared in a highly efficient and environmentally friendly synthesis method of disproportionating methylchlorosilanes. However, the internal mechanism of the reaction remains unclear. In this paper, the mechanism catalyzed by AlCl₃/MIL‐53(Al) and AlCl₃/MIL‐53(Al)@γ‐Al₂O₃ catalysts was calculated at B3LYP/6‐311++G(3df, 2pd) level by using the density functional theory (DFT). The results showed that although the two catalysts had similar active structures, the catalytic effects were significantly different. The Lewis acid center on the surface of γ‐Al₂O₃ in the core‐shell catalyst is complementary to the classic Lewis acid AlCl₃ through the spatial superposition effect, which greatly improves the Lewis acid catalytic activity of AlCl₃/MIL‐53(Al)@γ‐Al₂O₃.     

二维相关分析中参考谱的选择对分离重叠峰的影响

二维相关光谱是一项将光谱强度看作两个独立的光谱变量的函数的技术, 它是由动态光谱经过数学转化后得到的. 在扰动过程中, 动态光谱等于实际测得的光谱减去参考谱, 参考谱的选择是任意的, 甚至可以为0, 但是在实际应用时, 人们逐渐发现参考谱的选择会对二维相关光谱产生一定的影响. 本篇文章采用模拟的方法, 建立光谱模型, 光谱强度按e指数形式单调变化, 比较以平均谱为参考谱和不设参考谱得到的二维相关光谱图, 分析它们的区别, 在不同参考谱条件下, 利用二维相关光谱分离重叠峰, 得到的结果也不相同, 将两种条件综合利用可以得到更多更正确的信息.     

Aerolysin纳米孔核酸检测灵敏区域的协同相互作用探索研究

纳米孔单分子检测技术以其简便、快速、高通量及无需标记等特点, 应用于DNA及蛋白质测序, 更有望实现单分子动态构象变化的研究. Aerolysin(气单胞菌溶素)纳米孔道由于其特有的较长的β-桶限域区(β-barrel)及孔内壁丰富的带电荷氨基酸残基, 在单个寡聚核苷酸分子分析中展现出极高的灵敏性. 本设计利用dA₁₄-4-X, dA₁₄-11-X, dA₁₄-4-X-11-X (X=C, T, G)等单个寡聚核苷酸探针分子, 研究了Aerolysin的两个灵敏区域R1和R2, 探索了R1灵敏区域对单个碱基弱相互作用的差异, 实现区分单个碱基差异. 进一步实验证明, R1灵敏区域对单个碱基类型差异的灵敏区分不受R2灵敏区域被碱基A、C、T占位所影响. 然而, 当R2区域被碱基G占位时, 会使R1区域丧失对整个孔道电流的主导性. 本研究有助于理解Aerolysin对单个寡聚核苷酸分子的超灵敏测量机制.     

城市土壤对铅的吸附动力学特征及影响因素

采用批量法对温州景山森林公园5种不同土壤的Ph的吸附动力学行为进行了研究,初步探讨了不同理化性质土壤对重金属吸附的影响。结果表明,在实验条件下,5种土样均在180rain内达到吸附平衡;抛物线扩散方程、双常数速率方程和Elovich方程能很好地描述5种土壤Pb^2＋动力学行为;随着外源Pb^2＋质量浓度的增大,土壤对Pb^2＋的吸附量都相应增大;通过吸附速率与吸附强度与土壤理化性质相关性分析,得出土壤对重金属铅的吸附速率是土壤各理化性质综合作用的结果,而土壤对铅的吸附强度在很大程度上取决于土壤pH。     

Fraxinellone Induces Hepatotoxicity in Zebrafish through Oxidative Stress and the Transporters Pathway

Fraxinellone (FRA), a major active component from Cortex Dictamni, produces hepatotoxicity via the metabolization of furan rings by CYP450. However, the mechanism underlying the hepatotoxicity of FRA remains unclear. Therefore, zebrafish larvae at 72 h post fertilization were used to evaluate the metabolic hepatotoxicity of FRA and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. The results showed that FRA (10–30 μM) induced liver injury and obvious alterations in the metabolomics of zebrafish larvae. FRA induces apoptosis by increasing the level of ROS and activating the JNK/P53 pathway. In addition, FRA can induce cholestasis by down-regulating bile acid transporters P-gp, Bsep, and Ntcp. The addition of the CYP3A inhibitor ketoconazole (1 μM) significantly reduced the hepatotoxicity of FRA (30 μM), which indicated that FRA induced hepatotoxicity through CYP3A metabolism. Targeted metabolomics analysis indicates the changes in amino acid levels can be combined with molecular biology to clarify the mechanism of hepatotoxicity induced by FRA, and amino acid metabolism monitoring may provide a new method for the prevention and treatment of DILI from FRA.