深水钢悬链线立管触地区疲劳实验系统设计

深水钢悬链线立管(steel catenary riser, SCR)触地区易发生疲劳破坏, 且疲劳寿命预测问题是 目前理论计算与数值分析的难点, 通过实验能更好地促进理论和数值研究. 因此在相关理论 研究基础上, 设计一套SCR触地区疲劳实验系统, 模拟实际工作状况, 考虑张力、弯曲、内 外压与管土相互作用等因素的变化组合. 该实验系统为以后开展深水立管疲劳实验、研究SCR 触地区疲劳破坏机理以及准确预测SCR触地区的疲劳寿命奠定基础.     

One‐pot synthesis of benzimidazole‐pyrazines and their anticancer activities

The skeleton of fused benzimidazole‐pyrazine was constructed via an Ugi/deprotection/cyclization (UDC) and hydroamination cascade reaction. This four‐step reaction was carried out in a one‐pot procedure with only one‐time column chromatography purification. The representative compound 7b exhibited 67% cell growth inhibitory activity against human breast cancer cell line MDA‐MB‐453 at the concentration of 10μM.     

Aptamer-based fluorescent platform for ultrasensitive adenosine detection utilizing Fe<Subscript>3</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript> magnetic nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles

The authors describe an aptamer-based fluorescent assay for adenosine (Ade). It is based on the interaction between silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and CdTe quantum dots (QDs). The beacon comprises a pair of aptamers, one conjugated to Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles, the other to AgNPs. In the presence of Ade, structural folding and sandwich association of the two attachments takes place. After magnetic separation, the associated sandwich structures are exposed to the QDs. The AgNPs in sandwich structures act as the signaling label of Ade by quenching the fluorescence of QDs (at excitation/emission wavelengths of 370/565 nm) via inner filter effect, electron transfer and trapping processes. As a result, the fluorescence of QDs drops with increasing Ade concentration. The assay has a linear response in the 0.1 nM to 30 nM Ade concentration range and a 60 pM limit of detection. The assay only takes 40 min which is the shortest among the aptamer-based methods ever reported. The method was successfully applied to the detection of Ade in spiked biological samples and satisfactory recoveries were obtained.

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Graphical abstract Schematic of a highly efficient and convenient adenosine (Ade) fluorometric assay. It is based on the interaction between Ag nanoparticles (NPs) and CdTe quantum dots (QDs). Ade aptamers (ABA1 and ABA2) are used as recognition unit and Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles act as magnetic separator. The assay exhibits superior sensitivity and speediness.

     

一些近期发现的同核异能态的壳模型解释

近期,在101In、123,125Ag和218Pa等核中,首次观测到同核异能态。本工作通过原子核壳模型解释In、Ag同位素和$N\!=\!127$同中素中的这些同核异能态及相关的同核异能态背后的物理原因。101-109In这五个奇A核In同位素中,观测到的$1/2^{-}$同核异能态的激发能非常接近。这可以通过引入中子近期,在101In、123,125Ag和218Pa等核中,首次观测到同核异能态。本工作通过原子核壳模型解释In、Ag同位素和$N\!=\!127$同中素中的这些同核异能态及相关的同核异能态背后的物理原因。101-109In这五个奇A核In同位素中,观测到的$1/2^{-}$同核异能态的激发能非常接近。这可以通过引入中子$0g_{7/2}$和$1d_{5/2}$轨道间的很强的组态混合来解释。更进一步分析表明,这些奇A核In同位素中,从$9/2^{+}$基态到$1/2^{-}$同核异能态,一个质子从$1p_{1/2}$轨道激发到$0g_{9/2}$轨道。这一质子组态变化可能引发中子$0g_{7/2}$和$1d_{5/2}$轨道的单粒子能变化。这样一个原子核内的组态依赖的壳演化被称为第二类壳演化。与In同位素类似,123,125Ag的同核异能态被发现是$1/2^{-}$态,对应着一个质子空穴在$1p_{1/2}$轨道。但之前观测到的115,117Ag的$1/2^{-}$态是基态。这意味着质子$1p_{1/2}$轨道和$0g_{9/2}$轨道在$N\!=\!72$附近发生了反转。壳模型分析表明张量力是造成这两个轨道反转的决定性原因。之前观测到的奇奇核$N\!=\!127$同中素210Bi、212At、214Fr和216Ac中,基态是$1^{-}$态,同时存在高自旋的同核异能态。然而,基于$\alpha$衰变性质和壳模型计算,推荐218Pa中的基态和新发现的同核异能态分别为$8^{-}$态和$1^{-}$态。奇奇核$N\!=\!127$同中素基态和同核异能态的演化是由质子中子相互作用从粒子粒子形式转化为空穴粒子形式以及质子组态混合所导致。总的来说,壳模型对这些双幻核100Sn、132Sn和208Pb附近核中新发现的同核异能态有较好的描述。双幻核附近核中的同核异能态,也称为壳模型同核异能态,是核结构研究中非常重要的。因为这些同核异能态常常提供了中重质量区域极端丰中子和缺中子原子核中的第一个谱学性质,并包含了丰富的物理信息,比如质子中子相互作用及其在壳演化中的作用。     

连续油管井下力学行为模拟实验研究

连续油管作业系统在井下受力复杂,借助相关实验研究可为连续油管实际入井深度、连续油管屈曲、锁死及解除锁死等问题提供解决思路. 根据相关理论计算结果确定了合适的实验系统几何参数. 设计了实验台架,进行了不同规格模拟连续油管和不同弯曲段长度实验. 分析了屈曲、螺旋屈曲锁死、首端屈服等实验现象,提出了螺旋屈曲锁死的条件. 实验结果与理论计算结果吻合较好. 该实验为连续油管井下力学行为分析提供了依据.     

Single-wall carbon nanotube-containing cathode interfacial materials for high performance organic solar cells

Water/alcohol soluble cathode interfacial materials(CIMs)are playing important roles in optoelectronic devices such as organic light emitting diodes,perovskite solar cells and organic solar cells(OSCs).Herein,n-doped solution-processable single-wall carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)-containing CIMs for OSCs are developed by dispersing SWCNTs to the typical CIMs perylene diimide(PDI)derivatives PDIN and PDINO.The Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)measurement results illustrate the ndoped behavior of SWCNTs by PDIN/PDINO in the blend CIMs.The blended and n-doped SWCNTs can tune the work function and enhance the conductivity of the PDI-derivative/SWCNT(PDI-CNT)composite CIMs,and the composite CIMs can regulate and down-shift the work function of cathode,reduce the charge recombination,improve the charge extraction rate and enhance photovoltaic performance of the OSCs.High power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 17.1%and 17.7%are obtained for the OSCs based on PM6:Y6 and ternary PM6:Y6:PC₇₁ BM respectively with the PDI-CNTcomposites CIMs.These results indicate that the ndoped SWCNT-containing composites,like other n-doped nanomaterials such as zero dimensional fullerenes and two dimensional graphenes,are excellent CIMs for OSCs and could find potential applications in other optoelectronic devices.     

Blow-up phenomena for a nonlocal <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-Laplace equation with Neumann boundary conditions

This paper is concerned with the blow-up of solutions to the following nonlocal p-Laplace equation:

$$u_t-\mathrm{div}(|\nabla{u}|^{p-2}\nabla{u})=|u|^{q-1}u-\frac{1}{|\Omega|} \int\limits_\Omega{|u|^{q-1}u}dx,\quad x\in\Omega,\quad 0 < t < T,$$

under homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions in a bounded smooth domain \({\Omega\subset\mathrm{R}^N}\). For all \({p > 2, q > p-1}\), a blow-up result for the solutions to the above equation with positive initial energy is established. This result improves a recent result by Qu and Liang (Abstr Appl Anal 3:551–552, 2013) which asserts the blow-up of solutions for \({p-1 < q\leq\frac{Np}{(N-p)_+}-1}\).

     

Facile construction of Zn(II)-porphyrin-cored [5]rotaxane and its controllable aggregation behaviours

A novel Zn(Ⅱ)-porphorin-cored [5]rotaxane with platinum-acetylide as linkage was constructed. The obtained [5]rotaxane performed different morphologies in different solvents. In addition, the ordered morphologies generated from [5]rotaxane exhibited the morphology evolution by time.     

Aptamer based fluorometric determination of ATP by exploiting the FRET between carbon dots and graphene oxide

The authors describe a fluorometric aptamer based assay for adenosine triphosphate (ATP). It is based on the use of carbon dots (CDs) and graphene oxide (GO). The resultant CD-aptamer is adsorbed on the surface of GO via π-stacking and hydrophobic interaction, and the fluorescence of CD-aptamer is quenched via fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between CDs and GO. If ATP is present, it will bind to the aptamer and the CD-aptamer will be desorbed from GO. This will suppress FRET and the fluorescence of the CDs is restored. Under the optimal conditions and at typical excitation/emission wavelengths of 358/455 nm, the assay has a 80 pM detection limit and a linear range that extends from 0.10 to 5.0 nM concentrations of ATP. The method was successfully applied to the determination of ATP in yogurt samples. This method can also be conceivably applied to the detection of other analytes for which appropriate aptamers are available.

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Graphical abstract Schematic of a novel fluorometric ATP assay based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between aptamer modified carbon dots (CD-aptamer) and graphene oxide (GO). CD-aptamer was used as the energy donor and molecular recognition probe, and GO acted as energy acceptor. This assay exhibits high sensitivity and selectivity with a detection limit as low as 80 pM.