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Adsorption of proteins and the effect of the chemical nature of membrane surfaces on protein adsorption were investigated
using14C-tagged albumin and several microporous membranes (polyvinilydene fluoride, PVDF; nylon; polypropylene, PP; and polycarbonate,
PC). The membrane surfaces were modified by exposing them to low-temperature plasma of several different monomers (n-butane, oxygen, nitrogen alone or as mixtures) in a radiofrequency plasma reactor. Transients in the permeability of albumin
solutions through the membranes and changes in flux of distilled water through the membranes before and after adsorption of
albumin were used to investigate the role of protein adsorption on membrane fouling. The results show that the extent of adsorption
of albumin on hydrophobic membranes was considerably more than that on hydrophilic membranes. The hydrophilic membranes were
susceptible to electrostatic interactions and less prone to fouling. A pore-blocking model was successfully used to correlate
the loss of water flux through pores of defined geometry 相似文献
3.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Rhenium(IV) with Thiocyanate,TX-100 and N,N′-Diphenylbenzamidine
A spectrophotometric method to determine rhenium(IV) at trace level is based on the extraction of Re(IV)-SCN? complex in sulphuric acid media with N,N′-diphenylbenzamidine(DPBA) in presence of a non-ionic surfactant triton X-100 (TX-100) in chloroform. The complex shows maximum absorbance at 435 nm with amolar absorptivity value of 4.24 × 104 L mol?1 cm?1 at an acidity range 3.5-6.5 M H2SO4. The method followed Beer's Law for the system Re(IV)-SCN?(TX-100)-DPBA upto 4.0 μg Re(IV) mL?1. The detection limit of the method is 5 ppb. None of the tested foreign ions, except molybdenum(VI), interfere with the determination of rhenium. The interference due to molybdenum could effectively be removed by prior precipitation with oxine. The effect of various analytical parameters on the extraction of the metal are discussed. 相似文献
4.
The preparation of polymer blends of poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) in different weight percentages is described. Vickers microhardness measurements have been made to study the effects of load and compositional ratio of the two polymers in polyblend. It is observed that poly(vinylidene fluoride) acts as a plasticizer for poly(methyl methacrylate). Evidence of increasing and decreasing strength of polyblends has been obtained for different compositional ratios of the two polymers. 相似文献
5.
Mourad Benlamri Kyle M. Bothe Alex M. Ma Gem Shoute Amir Afshar Himani Sharma Arash Mohammadpour Manisha Gupta Kenneth C. Cadien Ying Y. Tsui Karthik Shankar Douglas W. Barlage 《固体物理学:研究快报》2014,8(10):871-875
A high effective electron mobility of 33 cm2 V–1 s–1 was achieved in solution‐processed undoped zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films. The introduction of silicon nitride (Si3N4) as growth substrate resulted in a mobility improvement by a factor of 2.5 with respect to the commonly used silicon oxide (SiO2). The solution‐processed ZnO thin films grown on Si3N4, prepared by low‐pressure chemical vapor deposition, revealed bigger grain sizes, lower strain and better crystalline quality in comparison to the films grown on thermal SiO2. These results show that the nucleation and growth mechanisms of solution‐processed films are substrate dependent and affect the final film structure accordingly. The substantial difference in electron mobilities suggests that, in addition to the grain morphology and crystalline structure effects, defect chemistry is a contributing factor that also depends on the particular substrate. In this respect, interface trap densities measured in high‐κ HfO2/ZnO MOSCAPs were about ten times lower in those fabricated on Si3N4 substrates. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
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U. D. N. Bajpai 《高分子科学杂志,A辑:纯化学与应用化学》2013,50(3):629-636
A combined system of potassium permanganate and pyruvic acid was found to initiate radical polymerization of vinyl monomers, especially acrylamides. From kinetic investigations of the polymerization of methacrylamide, it was found that this initiator induced a radical polymerization which proceeded with an overall activation energy of 15.7 kcal/mol. The rate is given by Rp=K[methacrylamide] 1 [pyruvic acid]° [KMnO4]1 in aqueous and water-DMF mediums. In the presence of DMF the initial rate was found to decrease but the kinetic equation remained the same. The investigations were done at 35 ± 0.2°C in nitrogen. Besides the clinical importance of pyruvic acid found in blood, urine, muscles, etc., it is a good initiator in conjunction with KMnO4 for vinyl polymerization. It is therefore interesting to study the polymerization of methacrylamide using the KMnO4-pyruvic acid redox couple in aqueous systems in order to find whether this system follows the same kinetic features of vinyl polymerization by a radical mechanism. 相似文献
9.
The present paper discusses synthesis, characterization, and blood compatibility studies of macroporous cryogels of PVA and starch. Biocompatible spongy porous hydrogels of polyvinyl alcohol–starch have been synthesized by repeated freezing–thawing methods and characterized by Infra red (FTIR) and environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) techniques, respectively, to gain insights for structural and morphological features. The FTIR analysis of prepared cryogels indicated that starch was introduced into the network of cryogel possibly via formation of hydrogen bonds between the PVA and starch clusters. The “cryogels” were evaluated for their water uptake potentials and influence of various factors such as chemical architecture of the spongy hydrogels, pH and temperature of the swelling bath were investigated on the degree of water sorption by the cryogels. The hydrogels were also swollen in salt solutions and various simulated biological fluids. The biocompatibility of the prepared cryogels was judged by in vitro methods of blood–clot formation viz. percent haemolysis and protein (BSA) adsorption. The cryogels were also studied for their pores morphology and percent porosity and the effect of chemical composition on the extent of porosity was also investigated. 相似文献
10.
In the present study, the antibiotic drug Amikacin has been used as template molecule to prepare poly(methacrylic acid) based molecularly imprinting polymer using acetonitrile (Acn) as a porogenic solvent. The polymer has been characterized by FTIR, SEM analysis. The poly(MAAc) MIP has been used for effective and selective removal of Amikacin (Amk) in batch mode process. The equilibrium uptake data was fitted to various isotherm models namely, Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Redushkevich (RD). Based on the regression values obtained, the order of fitness was DR>Freundlich>Temkin>Langmuir. The maximum adsorption capacity (Qo), as determined using Langmuir plot was 60.60 mg/g at 30°C. The presence of the drugs Streptomycin and Gentamycin in the solution did not affect the adsorption capacity of MIP. Finally, the adsorption capacity was found to be independent of the temperature of the adsorption system. 相似文献