Propyl–SO3H functionalized SBA-15: Microwave-mediated green synthesis of biologically active multi-substituted imidazole scaffolds

Research on Chemical Intermediates - Propylsulfonic acid functionalized Santa Barbara Amorphous-15 (SBA-15–Pr–SO3H) catalyst has been synthesized using a surface modification of...     

Colorimetric studies of heterocyclic monoazo reactive dyes and their dyeing applications on cotton,silk, and wool fibers

Heterocyclic quinazolinone-based hot brand monoazo reactive dyes were obtained by diazotization of 3-(4-aminophenyl)-2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one and coupling with a variety of cyanurated coupling components. All the heterocyclic hot brand monoazo reactive dyes were characterized by elemental analysis (C, H, N) and by use of spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, UV–visible, ¹H NMR). Their performance as reactive dyes was assessed on silk, wool, and cotton fabrics. The dyes were found to give a variety of color shades with very good depth and uniformity on the fibers. The fastness of all the dyes on the fibers was moderate to excellent. Colorimetric data (L*, a*, b*, C*, H*, and K/S) of the synthesized dyes were also studied in detail.     

Synthesis of heterocyclic monoazo dyes derived from 1H-benzo[g]pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinoline-3-ylamine: their antimicrobial activity and their dyeing performance on various fibers

Heterocyclic monoazobenzoquinoline-based azo dyes have been derived by diazotization of 1H-benzo[g]pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinoline-3-ylamine with a variety of phenylpyrazolone-based coupling compounds. The synthesized dyes were characterized by determination of their percentage yield, by elemental analysis, and by UV?Cvisible, IR, and ¹H NMR spectroscopy. Dyeing performance on silk, wool, nylon, and polyester fibers was assessed. The fastness properties of the dyes on each fiber were moderate to excellent. The antimicrobial activity of the dyes at different concentrations were also examined, by use of the Kirby?CBauer disk diffusion method.     

Fatty acid methyl ester production from acid oil using silica sulfuric acid: Process optimization and reaction kinetics

Conversion of high free fatty acids (FFA) containing acid oil (AO) to fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) using silica sulfuric acid (SSA) as a solid acid catalyst was investigated. Process parameters such as reaction temperature, reaction time, catalyst loading, and methanol to oil molar ratio were optimized using the Taguchi orthogonal array method. Maximum FFA conversion (97.16 %) was achieved under the optimal set of parameter values viz. 70°C, 4 mass % catalyst loading, and 1: 15 oil to methanol molar ratio after 90 min. SSA was reused three times successfully without a significant loss in activity. Biodiesel produced from AO met the international biodiesel standards. Determination of kinetic parameters proved that the experimental results fit the pseudo first order kinetic law.