木质素在塑料中的应用

总结了国内外近10年来木质素在塑料中的应用进展，重点对木质素在PVC、PP、PE、PF、PU等5个方面的研究成果进行了系统阐述，并对该技术的发展方向进行了分析预测。     

理想微裂纹系统中的随机扩展效应

本文讨论了在理想微裂纹系统中,由于微裂纹的随机性扩展,对微裂纹统计演化产生的效应。文中提供了一般的理论框架,给出了便于处理的转移概率的表达式。最后,用数值计算的例子展示了随机模型的统计演化特征,并比较了与确定性扩展模型下统计演化的异同。     

若干具有[(PO4)2Mo5O15]簇骼的化合物的光谱研究

本文对所合成的具有 [(PO4 ) 2 Mo5O1 5]簇骼的 3种新颖的有机 磷钼酸盐簇合物(NH3CH2 CH2 NH3) 2 5[(PO4 ) (HPO4 )Mo5O1 5]·7 5H2 O (Ⅰ ) ,(H3NCH2 CH2 NH3) 3·[(PO4 ) 2 Mo5O1 5]·3H2 O (Ⅱ )和(H3NCH2 CH2 NH3) 2 ·[Cu(en) ][(PO4 ) 2 Mo5O1 5]·5H2 O (Ⅲ )用FTIR ,NIR Raman ,紫外 可见漫反射光谱 (UV VisDRS)和荧光光谱等研究手段 ,对其进行光谱研究 ,探讨其结构和性能的关系。在这些化合物中 ,化合物Ⅰ和Ⅱ具有孤立的 [(PO4 ) 2 Mo5O1 5]簇骼基元 ,而化合物Ⅲ的 [(PO4 ) 2 Mo5O1 5]簇骼基元是由 [Cuen]基团桥联成链 ;磷钼酸盐的特征振动频率和这些化合物的结构相关 ;UV VisDRS显示 ,在 2 0 0和 2 6 0nm左右有两个杂多化合物的特征吸收谱带 ;化合物的稳态荧光光谱中 ,观察到以 2 4 0nm激发 ,在大约 4 0 0nm附近出现的由金属氧簇Oμ→Mo跃迁激发所引起的较强的发射峰 ,在化合物 (Ⅲ )中 ,还观察到通过 [Cuen]的荷移跃迁的以 5 70nm激发所产生的 6 0 4nm的发射峰。     

陆生植物黑麦草(Lolium multiflorum)对富营养化水体修复的围隔实验研究——氨氮的净化效应及其动态过程

采用浮床黑麦草（Lolium multi florum）对畜禽养殖富营养水体氨氮的净化效应及动态过程进行了研究．结果表明：浮床黑麦草对富营养水体中的氨氮具有明显的净化效果．当覆盖率30％时，对氨氮的去除率最高可达到95．89％．对其去除水体氨氮的动态过程拟合表明符合三次方程曲线．该研究为冬季陆生植物修复富营养水体提供重要依据．     

Self-Assembly of Micro-Parts onto Si Substrates at Liquid-Liquid Interface

We report a new approach for the self-assembly of cuboid micro-parts onto Si substrates to construct three-dimensional microstructures. To perform assembly, the Si substrates are prepared with a deep cavity array as binding sites. An aggregate composed of hundreds of uniformly aligned micro-parts is formed at the C10F18-H2O interface. The micro-parts are arranged by passing the substrate through the aggregate of micro-parts, thus the micro-parts are left on the substrate, and then the substrate is vibrated ultrasonically in the solution, making it possible for the micro-parts to fall into the cavities on the substrate. Finally the substrate is pulled out of the solution after assembly. This technique could give a high yield of up to 70%, providing a new method for micro-assembly.     

Effect of Molecular Weight on Liquid Crystal Photoalignment by Photosensitive Polyester Containing Thrifluoromethyl Moieties

We investigate the liquid-crystal （LC） alignment direction on photoalignment films formed from photosensitive polyester containing thrifluoromethyl moieties （PPDA） with various molecular weights by crossed polarized optical microscopy. It is found that LC alignment behaviour changes with molecular weight of PPDA. The LC alignment on PPDA irradiated films with the highest molecular weight is homogeneous, while those with low and intermediate molecular weights are homeotropic. However, surface morphologies show weak dependence on molecular weight. The surfaces are smooth and there is no clear morphological anisotropy on these aligned films observed by an atomic force microscope. The surface energies of the irradiated films are also measured by using an indirect contact-angle method where both surface energy and its polar component, increase with increasing molecular weight. Different polar surface energies can be considered as a main reason for different alignment characteristics.     

磷酸三乙酯改性HZSM-5沸石的活性及理论研究

采用XRD表征了水蒸气和磷联合改性的HZSM-5沸石分子筛的结构．通过NH3-TPD和N2吸附脱附研究了样品的酸性和比表面．采用正庚烷的裂化反应研究了样品的裂化活性，研究结果表明，磷改性样品与母体样品相比，经过水蒸气处理后显示出较高的酸量和正庚烷裂化活性．上述结果首次用模型簇和计算量子化学方法进行了解释．采用Gaussian94软件包和PM3半经验量子化学方法对模型簇进行了全优化和频率分析．计算结果显示磷改性后样品的脱铝补硅反应热大于母体样品脱铝补硅反应热，从而显示出磷对骨架的稳定化作用．     

“限时服务规则”下的复线船闸多目标调度优化

针对现有船舶过闸排队规则的欠缺,基于“限时服务规则”,构建复线船闸多目标双层优化调度模型:上层模型用于获得两个闸室安全区域的船舶排布可行方案;下层模型用于获得不同船舶排布可行方案的优化闸次数。下层模型分两个阶段完成:对符合“限时服务规则”的船舶,构建以闸次最少为目标的0-1规划模型,获得此类船舶安排的闸次;对其余船舶按照“先到先服务规则”,构建以闸次最少、闸室利用率最大为目标的多目标决策模型,获得不同船舶排布可行方案应该安排的频次。以位于江苏省干线航道上的某复线船闸某日24小时内过闸船舶的数据为例,计算结果表明:采用本文优化模型获得的优化方案与“经验编排方式”相比,两座船闸各节约2个闸次,两个船闸的平均闸室利用率分别提高了3.66和4.72个百分点。     

CuO/TiO2的制备及对NO＋CO反应性能的研究

以三种不同的TiO2为载体，负载6%CuO，在色谱-微反装置上考察了三种Cu6-Ti催化剂对NO＋CO反应的活性。结果表明，由于制备方法不同，活性差别很大，三者活性顺序依次为：Cu6-Ti(T)> Cu6-Ti(S)> Cu6-Ti(nm)，TiO2的比表面积及晶型对活性的影响不明显。H2-TPR结果表明，Cu6-Ti在整个TPR过程中出现了3或4个还原峰，表明有多种CuO物种存在。不同预处理Cu6-Ti的TPR显示，在反应中Cu物种可能以多种价态同时存在。NO-TPD结果亦证明，Cu6-Ti对NO＋CO的反应活性与NO在催化剂表面的解离难易密切相关，而与NO的吸附量关系不大。     

Synthesis, Characterization and Crystal Structure of （Z）-1-[2-（Triarylstannyl）vinyl]-1-indanols and Their Arylhalostannyl Derivatives

(Z)-1-[2-(Tri-o-tolylstannyl)vinyl]-1-indanol (1) and (Z)-1-[2-(tri-p-tolylstannyl)vinyl]-l-indanol (2) were synthesized by the addition reaction of 1-ethynylindanol with tri-o-tolyltin and tri-p-tolyltin hydride. The aryl groups in compound 1 and 2 were substituted by Br2 or I2 to yield monohalide derivatives (3-6). The compounds 1-6 were characterized by elemental analysis, ^1H NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy. The crystal structures of 1, 2 and 4 have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The Sn atom in 1 and 2 exhibits a tetrahedral geometry distorted towards trigonal bipyramid due to a weak intramolecular interaction between Sn and the hydroxyl O atoms [0.2839(4) nm and 0.2744(5) nm], while the Sn atom in 4 adopts a trigonal bipyramidal geometry with a significant O→Sn(1) interaction [0.2552(5) nm].