全文获取类型
收费全文 | 829篇 |
免费 | 17篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 648篇 |
晶体学 | 3篇 |
力学 | 6篇 |
数学 | 75篇 |
物理学 | 114篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 11篇 |
2021年 | 15篇 |
2020年 | 11篇 |
2019年 | 28篇 |
2018年 | 21篇 |
2017年 | 15篇 |
2016年 | 21篇 |
2015年 | 18篇 |
2014年 | 17篇 |
2013年 | 55篇 |
2012年 | 42篇 |
2011年 | 34篇 |
2010年 | 36篇 |
2009年 | 30篇 |
2008年 | 44篇 |
2007年 | 39篇 |
2006年 | 38篇 |
2005年 | 32篇 |
2004年 | 31篇 |
2003年 | 22篇 |
2002年 | 31篇 |
2001年 | 23篇 |
2000年 | 15篇 |
1999年 | 12篇 |
1998年 | 14篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 8篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 6篇 |
1974年 | 7篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
1972年 | 5篇 |
1971年 | 6篇 |
1970年 | 5篇 |
1969年 | 8篇 |
1968年 | 7篇 |
1967年 | 6篇 |
1966年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有846条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Ludmila C. Fidale Sarah Köhler Martin H.G. Prechtl Thomas Heinze Omar A. El Seoud 《Cellulose (London, England)》2006,13(5):581-592
The concentrations of water, W, and electrolytes present in solutions of LiCl in N,N-dimethylacetamide, LiCl/DMAc, and of tetrabutylammonium fluoride. x-hydrate in DMSO, TBAF.xW/DMSO can be accurately and expediently determined by three independent methods, UV–vis, FTIR and EMF measurement. The first relies on the use of solvatochromic probes whose spectra are sensitive to solution composition. It is applicable to W/LiCl/DMAc solutions but not to TBAF.xW/DMSO, because the charge-transfer complex bands of the probes are suppressed by strong interactions with the latter electrolyte. Integration of νOH band of water may be employed in order to determine [W], hence [electrolyte] by weight difference. EMF measurement uses ion-selective electrodes in order to determine [electrolyte], hence [W] by weight difference. Results of the latter method were in excellent agreement with those of FTIR. The reason for the failure of Karl Fischer titration is addressed, and the relevance of the results obtained to functionalization of cellulose under homogenous solution conditions is briefly commented on. 相似文献
2.
Leonard M Khalilov Ludmila V Parfenova Askhat G Ibragimov Usein M Dzhemilev 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》2004,689(2):444-453
This paper is dedicated to a study of properties of the following novel optically active organoaluminium compounds (OACs): (1S,2S)-l,7,7-trimethyl-2-[(dialkylalumina)oxy]-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanes and (1S)-N-(dialkylalumina)-6,7-dimethoxy-1-methyl-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinolines. The synthesis of the chiral OACs was carried out in the reaction of either natural camphor or salsolidine with both AlEt3 and i-Bu2AlH. The main goal of the research was to investigate the stereodifferentiating activity of the chiral OACs in the olefin carbo- and cycloalumination reactions, catalyzed by Cp2ZrCl2. 相似文献
3.
E. S. Filatov S. V. Sysoev Ludmila N. Zelenina Tamara P. Chusova V. A. Logvinenko P. P. Semyannikov I. K. Igumenov 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2006,86(2):537-539
Thermal behaviour
of a series of lithium β-diketonates: Li(dpm) (dpm=dipivaloylmethanate
(2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5- dionate)), Li(pta) (pta=pivaloyltrifluoracetonate
(2,2-dimethyl-6,6,6-trifluoro-3,5-hexanedionate)), Li(tfa) (tfa=trifluoracetylacetonate
(1,1,1-trifluoro-2,4-pentandionate)), Li(hfa) (hfa=hexafluoracetylacetonate
(1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentandionate)) has been investigated. Gas phase
composition of these complexes has been established. Temperature dependences
of vapor pressure of lithium compounds were obtained by static and dynamic
methods, and thermodynamic parameters were calculated. Dependence of compound
volatility on ligand structure is shown. For Li(dpm) detailed investigation
has been done by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 相似文献
4.
Zakharova L. Ya. Mirgorodskaya A. B. Zhil"tsova E. P. Kudryavtseva L. A. Konovalov A. I. 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》2004,53(7):1385-1401
The factors determining the catalytic effect of supramolecular systems on the nucleophilic substitution reactions are analyzed. The role of the structural and phase transitions of nanoaggregates in the catalytic mechanism are determined. The substrate specificity is shown for different structures of the supramolecular composition. 相似文献
5.
Yu. F. Zuev A. B. Mirgorodskaya L. A. Kudryavtseva B. Z. Idiyatullin R. N. Khamidullin 《Russian Journal of General Chemistry》2004,74(7):1051-1056
The structure of water/cetyltrimethylammonium bromide/n-butanol/hexane microemulsions was studied by conductometry, viscometry, and Fourier transform 1H NMR spectroscopy with pulse magnetic field gradient. The regions of phase inversion from inverse micelles in hexane through a bicontinual structure to a dispersion of normal micelles in water were determined. The influence of the structure of the microemulsions on the rate of hydrolysis of carboxylic acid p-nitrophenyl esters was analyzed. The hydrolysis rate constants considerably increase in going from inverse to normal microemulsions. 相似文献
6.
R. F. Bakeeva L. Yu. Tartykova L. A. Kudryavtseva V. E. Bel'skii N. V. Usol'tseva B. E. Ivanov 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》1992,41(5):817-821
The kinetics of decomposition of p-nitrophenyldimethyl thiophosphate (1) were investigated spectrophotometrically in the n-decylammonium chloride-n-decylamine-water system (DAC-DA-H2O), in which micellar or lamellar liquid-crystalline phases are formed as a function of the concentration of components. It was shown that1 is dealkylated in both phases. An increase in the surface charge density of associates decreases the rate of dealkylation. The activation energy in the lamellar phase is significantly higher than in the micellar phase.A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan' Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 420083 Kazan'. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 5, pp. 1042–1048, May, 1992. 相似文献
7.
8.
A. M. Kurguzova L. A. Kudryavtseva A. B. Teitel'baum V. E. Bel'skii B. E. Ivanov 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》1982,31(6):1126-1128
Conclusions The pKa values of various phosphinylalkylamines in water and ethanol were determined. The inductive effect of phosphinyl groups on the basicities of the investigated amines was demonstrated. The inductive constants of a series of substituents were estimated.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1265–1267, June, 1982. 相似文献
9.
L. Ya. Zakharova F. G. Valeeva A. R. Ibragimova L. A. Kudryavtseva Yu. F. Zuev L. V. Avvakumova V. I. Kovalenko A. I. Konovalov 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》2007,56(1):62-69
The kinetics of alkaline hydrolysis of O-ethyl O-p-nitrophenyl chloromethylphosphonate in a sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate—n-nonane—polyethylene glycol—water reverse micellar system was studied in a wide range of concentrations of the surfactant
and water. The sign of the catalytic effect of micelles is inverted in the presence of the polymer. A sharp change in the
apparent rate constant of hydrolysis of the phosphonate was found in a region of the temperature percolation threshold.
Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 1, pp. 60–67, January, 2007. 相似文献
10.
Varnavski OP Ostrowski JC Sukhomlinova L Twieg RJ Bazan GC Goodson T 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2002,124(8):1736-1743
Measurements of ultrafast fluorescence anisotropy decay in model branched dendritic molecules of different symmetry are reported. These molecules contain the fundamental branching center units of larger dendrimer macromolecules with either three (C(3))- or four (T(d), tetrahedral)-fold symmetry. The anisotropy for a tetrahedral system is found to decay on a subpicosecond time scale (880 fs). This decay can be qualitatively explained by F?rster-type incoherent energy migration between chromophores. Alternatively, for a nitrogen-centered trimer system, the fluorescence anisotropy decay time (35 fs) is found to be much shorter than that of the tetramers, and the decay cannot be attributed to an incoherent hopping mechanism. In this case, a coherent interchromophore energy transport mechanism should be considered. The mechanism of the ultrafast energy migration process in the branched systems is interpreted by use of a phenomenological quantum mechanical model, which examines the two extreme cases of incoherent and coherent interactions. 相似文献