Geometrical connection between the equations of the special quasiclassical model of atomic systems

We study the geometrical connection between the fundamental equations of the quasiclassical model proposed by Rodimov to explain the behavior of microparticles in atomic systems in his monograph Self-Oscillating Quantum Mechanics; the v and u equations. It is shown that the geometry of the spaces for the v and u equations is different, but the metrical coefficients are related by simple algebraic relations.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii Fizika, No. 5, pp. 66–70, May, 1986.The author thanks Go I. Flesher for interest in the work and useful critical discussions and also I. L. Bukhbinder for fruitful discussions of the fundamental aspects of the work.     

New method for the synthesis of β-bromostyrenes

A new stereoselective method was developed for the synthesis of -bromostyrenes (E/Z > 5/1) starting from hydrazones of aromatic aldehydes and bromoform in the presence of CuCl.     

Catalytic olefination reaction of carbonyl compounds. A study on stereoselectivity of alkene formation

The mechanism of formation of alkene stereoisomers in the catalytic olefination reaction of carbonyl compounds was studied. 4-Chlorobenzaldehyde hydrazone 1 stereoselectively reacts with a number of F-, Cl-, Br-, and I-containing polyhaloalkanes in the presence of catalytic amounts of CuCl to give -substituted styrenes 2 with the more thermodynamically stable alkene isomer being the major product. A model for the formation of the stereoisomers of alkenes 2 in the olefination reaction is proposed. Stereoselectivity of the reaction is determined by elimination of copper(ii) halides from the lowest-lying conformers of organocopper intermediates II. According to quantum-chemical calculations, the elimination should involve the staggered conformations with antiperiplanar arrangement of C—Hal and C—Cu bonds and proceed by the E2 anti-elimination mechanism. The results of quantum-chemical calculations are in good agreement with the experimental E/Z alkene isomer ratios.     

Catalytic olefination of carbonyl compounds. A new versatile method for the synthesis of alkenes

The review is devoted to a new catalytic olefination reaction (COR) discovered by the authors. This is the reaction between N-unsubstituted hydrazones of carbonyl compounds with dihalides CHal₂XY in the presence of copper(i) chloride to give substituted alkenes. Catalytic olefination is versatile. Variation of the carbonyl and olefinating components opens up the way for the synthesis of various classes of unsaturated compounds including those containing functional groups. The reaction mechanism is discussed and a catalytic cycle describing the process is proposed. A model for estimating and predicting the reactivity of halogen-containing compounds in the COR is developed. The relationship between the structure of the carbonyl substrates and their behavior in the title reaction is elucidated.     

Study of the stability of violurate complexes of some d- and f-metals

The stability constants of 1: 1 and 1: 2 acidic copper(II) violurate complexes and the CuL complex, where L is the anion of violuric acid (H₂L), were determined by pH-metry at ionic strength I = 0.1 at 20°C. The stability of the violurate complexes of triply charged cations [ML]⁺ and quadruply charged thorium [ThL]²⁺ increases in the sequence La³⁺, Gd³⁺, Y³⁺, Sc³⁺, Th⁴⁺, Fe³⁺. It was shown that violuric acid behaves as either mono- or dibasic, depending on the conditions, with respect to all of these cations.     

Conversion of aromatic aldehydes into 1-aryl-2,2-dichloroethenes

A new general one-pot preparative method for the synthesis of 1-aryl(hetaryl)-2,2-dichloroethenes from aldehydes was developed. The method involves successive conversions of the latter into hydrazones followed by treatment with carbon tetrachloride in the presence of copper(i) chloride.     

Quantum mechanics in theK-field formalism: The kepler problem (without spin)

The primary goal of this work is to use a very well-known problem (the Kepler problem) to demonstrate the procedure for the construction in theK-field formalism of the nonrelativistic approximation of the quantum mechanical model of the stationary states of the hydrogen atom neglecting the spin properties of the electron. It is shown that the standard stationary states of the hydrogen atom correspond to Lyapunov-stable trajectories of theK particle (point test particle, the classical model of the electron in the atom). In spite of the electron being considered initially as a point particle without angular momentum, the internal logic of quantum mechanics in theK-field formalism requires the existence of the spin characteristics for the quantum mechanical model of the electron in the Kepler problem, even in the nonrelativistic approximation. Tomsk Polytechnic Institute. Translated fromIzvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 7, pp. 59–64, July, 1998.     

Quantum mechanics within the <Emphasis Type="Italic">K</Emphasis>-field formalism: A free particle

A quasi-classical model of the simplest quantum object-a free particle-is suggested in the paper. In comparison with the well-known model (obtained from the Nyborg equation), this model has the advantage, that it allows the wave properties of a microparticle to be considered. __________ Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 4, pp. 17–19, April, 2007.