Highly regioselective hydrogenolysis of bis(alpha-methylbenzyl)amine derivatives affected by the trifluoromethyl substituent on the aromatic ring

[reaction: see text] The highly regioselective hydrogenolysis of bis(alpha-methylbenzyl)amine derivatives proceeded with influence not from the electronic effect but from the steric effect of the trifluoromethyl substituent on the aromatic ring to provide a practical asymmetric synthesis of trifluoromethyl-substituted alpha-phenylethylamines.     

Heterogeneity among multihollow polymer particles prepared by the alkali/cooling method under partial neutralization conditions

Heterogeneity in the formation of multihollow structure among styrene-methacrylic acid copolymer particles, which were produced by emulsion copolymerization, by the alkali/cooling method under partial neutralization conditions with potassium hydroxide was investigated. There was a threshold acid content to form the multihollow structure. The heterogeneity among the multihollow particles was based on the heterogeneity of acid contents among the original particles.     

(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)‐6‐Benzyl­oxy­methyl‐4‐(methoxy­methyloxy)‐9‐oxo‐8‐oxa‐1‐aza­bi­cyclo­[4.3.0]­nonane‐2,3,5‐triyl tri­acetate

The relative configuration of the title compound, C₂₃H₂₉NO₁₁, prepared in a synthetic study on the natural product sphingofungin E, has been determined. The six‐membered ring adopts a chair form and the five substituents are all axial.     

Inclusion of nonionic emulsifier inside polymer particles produced by emulsion polymerization

A general emulsion copolymerization of styrene and methacrylic acid was carried out with polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether nonionic emulsifier. Surprisingly, about 75% of the nonionic emulsifier was included inside forming particles.     

Synthetic application of 3,3-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroacetone (DCTFA) and 3,3,3-trichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroacetone (TCTFA) for trifluorolactic acid derivatives

Synthetic application of 3,3-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroacetone (DCTFA) and 3,3,3-trichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroacetone (TCTFA) for industrially important trifluorolactic acid derivatives is described. Trifluorolactic acid was obtained by hydrolysis of DCTFA under basic conditions. On the other hand, α-substituted trifluorolactic acid derivatives, such as α-methyltrifluorolactic acid and Mosher’s acid, were obtained by addition reaction between TCTFA and carbon nucleophiles, followed by subsequent transformation of trichloromethyl group.