DIFFUSION OF LONG CHAINS THROUGH A POROUS THIN GEL NETWORK

Using a core(142 nm)made of linear polystyrene(PS)chains as a seed,we further polymerized a thin layer of cross-linked PS shell(7 nm)on it in water to form a core-shell particle.Such a particle swells in toluene,which enables linear PS chains inside the core to gradually diffuse out through the porous shell.Using a combination of static and dynamic laser light scattering,we examined the chain diffusion process by following the change of the scattering intensity(i.e.the average molar mass of the particles).For the first time,we have revealed that the diffusion exhibits three stages.In the first stage,the chain diffusion through the shell is even faster than their translational diffusion in a dilute solution.The three stages respectively correspond to the change of the solution in the core from concentrated to semidilute and then from semidilute to dilute.     

Modulation of Self-healing of Polyion Complex Hydrogel by Ion-specific Effects

We have prepared polyion complex (PIC) hydrogel consisting of poly(3-(methacryloylami no) propyl-trimethylamonium chloride) and poly(sodium p-styrenesulfonate) polyelectrolytes via a two-step polymerization procedure and have investigated specific ion effects on the selfhealing of the PIC hydrogel. Our study demonstrates that the mechanical properties of the PIC hydrogel are strongly dependent on the type of the ions doped in the hydrogel. The ion-specific effects can be used to modulate the self-healing efficiency of the PIC hydrogel. As the doped anions change from kosmotrops to chaotropes, the self-healing efficiency of the PIC hydrogel increases. A more chaotropic anion has a stronger ability to break the ionic bonds formed within the hydrogel, leading to a higher efficiency during the healing.     

氧化铜表面臭氧分解路径及表面氧物种生成机理研究

基于密度泛函理论（DFT）计算研究了O3在完整和具有氧空位的CuO(111)表面吸附的吸附位、吸附结构、吸附能和电子转移情况,比较了O3在完整表面和具有氧空位的表面分解的路径和能垒,分析了氧空位和表面吸附氧的生成机理。结果表明,在完整CuO表面,O3分子通过化学吸附或物理吸附表面结合,吸附能最高为-1.22eV（构型bri(2)）。O3在具有氧空位的CuO表面均为化学吸附,吸附能最高为-2.95eV（构型ovbri(3)）,显著高于完整表面的吸附能。O3吸附后,Cu吸附位的电荷密度减小,O3中的O原子附近的电荷密度显著增强,电荷从CuO表面转移到O3,并形成Cu-O离子键。O3分解后形成了超氧物种,提高了表面的氧化活性。在完整表面,以构型bri(2)为起始构型的路径反应能垒最低,为0.52eV;O2*在完整表面的脱附所需要的最低能量为0.42eV,形成氧空位的O2*脱附能为2.06eV。在具有氧空位的表面,O3分解的反应能垒为0.30eV（构型ovbri(1)）和0.12eV（构型ovbri(3)）,均低于完整表面的反应能垒;分解形成的O2*的最低脱附能也低于完整表面,为0.27eV。可见,氧空位的形成提高了吸附能,降低了反应能垒,使O3分子更容易吸附在CuO表面,并加快了O3的催化分解。     

Revisiting the thermosensitivity of poly(acrylamide-co-diacetone acrylamide)

The lower critical solution temperature （LCST） behavior of poly（acrylamide-co-diacetone acrylamide） （poly（AM-co-DAM）） copolymer in aqueous solutions was studied. The results demonstrate the LCST linearly decreases as the molar fraction of DAM （fDAM） increases. In the range of fDAM 〈 0.36, the transmittance increases as fDAM decreases because the more hydrophilic copolymer chains can form looser aggregates with a lower refractive index. The transmittance exhibits a minimum when fDAM is less than 0.28 as the chains form micelle-like structure with a size smaller than the wavelength. The LCST decreases with the initial polymer concentration, but it levels off when the polymer concentration is high enough. Moreover, no hysteresis can be observed in the change of transmittance during the heating-cooling process because no additional hydrogen bonds are formed in the collapsed state due to the steric hindrance of the large side groups in DAM units.     

氮掺杂石墨烯负载单原子Zr催化CO2加氢的密度泛函理论研究

基于密度泛函理论计算,研究了H2和CO2在氮掺杂石墨烯负载单原子Zr催化剂(Zr Nx-Gr)上的吸附和CO2催化加氢反应. H2和CO2在Zr N3-Gr上单独吸附的吸附能分别为-0.49和-2.17 e V,在H2和CO2共吸附状态下,吸附能为-2.24 e V,均高于在Zr N4-Gr表面的吸附能,表明Zr N3-Gr表面更利于CO2加氢反应的发生.在Zr N3-Gr表面, CO2在共吸附后保持了其单独吸附时的特性,削弱了H2分子的吸附. CO2在Zr Nx-Gr表面催化加氢反应起始于H2和CO2的共吸附构型,沿反式HCOOH路径形成甲酸盐(HCOO*)中间体,然后HCOO*基团吸附H原子形成反式甲酸,在Zr N3-Gr和Zr N4-Gr表面该路径的反应能垒分别为1.85和2.48 e V.另一路径为产生CO与H2O的反应,在Zr N3-Gr和Zr N4-Gr表面的反应能垒分别为1.86和1.73 e V,表明Zr N3-Gr更利于CO2加氢生成甲酸反应的发生,而Zr N4-Gr表面更利于CO的产生.     

ON LOCALIZATION IN DISORDERED ELECTRON SYSTEMS

The field theory of Anderson localization of disordered electron systems is formulated in the framework of closed time path Green's functions (CTPGF). The properties of the mobility edge are studied by the renormalization group method and the density of states is found to be zero at the mobility edge.     

硅基掺锰富硅氧化硅薄膜的电致发光

硅光子学中的关键问题是研制高效率的硅基光源,文章为此提出了一种实现硅基发光的方法。采用共溅射的方法在n＋型重掺杂硅衬底上制备了富硅氧化硅（SiO2∶Si）薄膜,然后用热扩散法进行了锰（Mn2＋）掺杂和光学活化。高分辨透射电镜观察表明薄膜中形成了3～5 nm的硅纳米晶体。该薄膜在紫外光照射下发射出明亮的绿光,光致发光谱峰位在524 nm（2.36 eV）,一般认为这是来自Mn2＋能级4T1 →6A1基态跃迁的绿光辐射;其荧光寿命为0.8 ms。将该掺锰富硅二氧化硅（SiO2∶Si∶Mn2＋）做成电致发光结构,在低反偏电压下观察到近乎白色的电致发光（EL）,光谱范围覆盖了400～800 nm。研究表明,该电致发光谱来源于薄膜中的Mn2＋以及氧化硅中的缺陷发光中心两者光谱的叠加;Mn2＋的发光是靠薄膜中的热电子来激发的;并由此探讨了薄膜中的硅纳米晶体在电致发光过程中的作用。     

THE ASSOCIATION OF LIVING POLYSTYRYLLITHIUM IN BENZENE

The effects of the chain length,active end group and concentration on the association of living polystyryllithium (PS~-Li~+)chains in benzene were examined by a combination of static and dynamic laser light scattering in a cuvette equipped with a high-vacuum stopcock.The results show that long PS~-Li~+ chains(M_w>1×10~4)usually form dimers in the solution. In contrast,shorter PS~-Li~+ chains exhibit two relaxation modes,where the fast mode is related to the translational diffusion of the living chain dim...     

Ni(Ⅱ)-3,5-二氯水杨醛缩氨基甲磺酸席夫碱-邻菲咯林三元配合物的合成及晶体结构

采用Ni(Ⅱ)盐和氨基甲磺酸缩3,5-二氯水杨醛席夫碱(H2L)以及1,10-邻菲咯林(phen)在甲醇和水溶液中合成了三元配合物[Ni(Ⅱ)(C8H7O4NCl2S)(Phen)(H2O)]3(1),通过元素分析、红外光谱对配合物 1 进行了表征,并通过X射线衍射测定了其结构.结构解析表明,配合物 1 属三斜晶系,空间群P ī,晶胞参数为:a=1.5640(3)nm,b=1.5650(3)nm,c=1.5650(3)nm;α=94.84(3)°,β=94.73(3)°,γ=94.80(3)°,V=3.7881(13)nm3,Z=6,Dc=1.420 g· cm-3,F(000)=1602,μ=1.100 mm-1,最终偏差因子(对I>2σ(I)的衍射点),R1=0.0769,ωR2=0.1306,对全部衍射点R1=0.1323,ωR2=0.1468,ω-1=[σ2(Fo)2+(0.1977P)2],P=(Fo2+2Fc2)/3.配合物 1 通过卤卤作用(Cl-Cl 0.3574(8)nm)堆积成3D无限层状结构.     

THE GENERAL CHERN-SIMONS CHARACTERISTIC CLASSES AND THEIR PHYSICAL APPLICATIONS

Simple derivation of the general Chern-Simons characteristic classes is presented. Application to construct current conservation anomalies and effective action is discussed in detail.The effective action of nonlinear o model where the fermions are. interacting with external gauge fields is obtained. The central term of Virasoro algebra is also derived by topological method. Possible existence of a gauge potential in the group manifold and its relation to θ-vacuum is indicated.