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1.
J. Maul I. Strachnov S. Karpuk P. Bernhard A. Oelsner G. Schönhense G. Huber 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2006,82(1):43-47
We report morphologic changes of metallic surfaces at the onset of ablation, starting from gentle ablation to the emergence of ablation craters. The evolution of both observed melting zones and of ablation craters therein are investigated in dependence of the ablation laser fluence for nanosecond ultraviolet laser pulses. Further, consequences of crater formation for cluster synthesis within the released atomic vapor are pointed out. PACS 52.38.Mf; 79.20.Ds; 65.40.De 相似文献
2.
C. Czeranowsky V. M. Baev G. Huber P. A. Khandokhin Ya. I. Khanin I. V. Koryukin E. Yu. Shirokov 《Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics》2004,47(10-11):723-728
Experimental study of low-frequency dynamics of an intracavity frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser demonstrates the influence of the interaction of orthogonally polarized modes, participating in frequency doubling (type II phase matching), on the stability of the laser output. At a sufficiently low pump rate and low conversion efficiency, the laser shows stable operation with a low noise level at the frequencies of relaxation oscillations. At a high pump power and/or a high conversion efficiency, the laser emission becomes unstable as a result of Hopf bifurcation at the frequencies of relaxation oscillations that are responsible for the anti-phase polarization dynamics of the laser. 相似文献
3.
The pumiceous products of the large-scale explosive eruptions at Santorini show a high grade of similarity in their optical
appearance as well as in their chemical composition. The demand for a clear classification of these eruption products was
raised from archaeological research, where pumice can be interpreted as a “post-eruption” time marker. The aim of this work
was to find elements that underwent significant changes because of geochemical processes and that could be indicative for
a distinction of pumice produced by the five major explosive eruptions. INAA of 25 elements allows a clear classification
and contributes new information to the chemical evolution of Santorini volcano.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
4.
Gerhard Rein 《Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences》1992,15(5):365-374
We consider a collisionless plasma, which consists of electrons and positively charged ions and is confined to a bounded domain in ?3. The distribution functions of the particles are assumed to satisfy specular reflections on the boundary of the domain and the boundary is assumed to be perfectly conducting. We establish the existence of stationary plasmas in the non-relativistic, electrostatic case described by the Vlasov–Poisson system as well as in the relativistic, electrodynamic case described by the relativistic Vlasov–Maxwell system. 相似文献
5.
Using topological methods we give a proof that the free product of two strict subgroup separable groups with infinite cyclic amalgamation is subgroup separable. 相似文献
6.
7.
Gerhard Lessner 《General Relativity and Gravitation》2004,36(5):1241-1242
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10.
Gerhard Starke 《Numerische Mathematik》1997,78(1):103-117
Summary. The convergence rate of Krylov subspace methods for the solution of nonsymmetric systems of linear equations, such as GMRES
or FOM, is studied. Bounds on the convergence rate are presented which are based on the smallest real part of the field of
values of the coefficient matrix and of its inverse. Estimates for these quantities are available during the iteration from
the underlying Arnoldi process. It is shown how these bounds can be used to study the convergence properties, in particular,
the dependence on the mesh-size and on the size of the skew-symmetric part, for preconditioners for finite element discretizations
of nonsymmetric elliptic boundary value problems. This is illustrated for the hierarchical basis and multilevel preconditioners
which constitute popular preconditioning strategies for such problems.
Received May 3, 1996 相似文献