全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1568篇 |
免费 | 55篇 |
国内免费 | 8篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1107篇 |
晶体学 | 8篇 |
力学 | 45篇 |
数学 | 164篇 |
物理学 | 307篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 19篇 |
2020年 | 38篇 |
2019年 | 18篇 |
2018年 | 20篇 |
2017年 | 13篇 |
2016年 | 32篇 |
2015年 | 29篇 |
2014年 | 32篇 |
2013年 | 62篇 |
2012年 | 75篇 |
2011年 | 134篇 |
2010年 | 49篇 |
2009年 | 51篇 |
2008年 | 127篇 |
2007年 | 91篇 |
2006年 | 125篇 |
2005年 | 105篇 |
2004年 | 76篇 |
2003年 | 71篇 |
2002年 | 58篇 |
2001年 | 24篇 |
2000年 | 18篇 |
1999年 | 14篇 |
1998年 | 8篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 12篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 15篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 12篇 |
1990年 | 11篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 13篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 8篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 11篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 8篇 |
1977年 | 9篇 |
1976年 | 8篇 |
1975年 | 8篇 |
1974年 | 8篇 |
1973年 | 7篇 |
1970年 | 8篇 |
1963年 | 17篇 |
1890年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有1631条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Shaobo Cheng Vidushi Sharma Altug S. Poyraz Lijun Wu Xing Li Amy C. Marschilok Esther S. Takeuchi Kenneth J. Takeuchi Marivi Fernndez-Serra Yimei Zhu 《Chemical science》2020,11(19):4991
Tunneled metal oxides such as α-Mn8O16 (hollandite) have proven to be compelling candidates for charge-storage materials in high-density batteries. In particular, the tunnels can support one-dimensional chains of K+ ions (which act as structure-stabilizing dopants) and H2O molecules, as these chains are favored by strong H-bonds and electrostatic interactions. In this work, we examine the role of water molecules in enhancing the stability of K+-doped α-Mn8O16 (cryptomelane). The combined experimental and theoretical analyses show that for high enough concentrations of water and tunnel-ions, H2O displaces K+ ions from their natural binding sites. This displacement becomes energetically favorable due to the formation of K2+ dimers, thereby modifying the stoichiometric charge of the system. These findings have potentially significant technological implications for the consideration of cryptomelane as a Li+/Na+ battery electrode. Our work establishes the functional role of water in altering the energetics and structural properties of cryptomelane, an observation that has frequently been overlooked in previous studies.Water displaces potassium ions and initiates the formation of a homonuclear dimer ion (K2+) in the tunnels of hollandite. 相似文献
2.
Ralf Freund Christos Allagiannis Peter Schnholzer Karl Bernauer 《Helvetica chimica acta》1994,77(3):615-621
A crude hydrate 6 and a crystalline hemiacetal 7 of glyoxylamide 4 were prepared from crotonamide 5 (Scheme 2). Particularly hemiacetal 7 , but also 6 and the ‘dimer’ 8 (obtained from 7 ) may serve as homochiral auxiliaries. The structure of 8 was determined by X-ray analysis. By arenesulfonyl halides, tryptimines 12–14 of 4 were diastereoselectively transformed into spirotricycles 15–17 and 19 . 相似文献
3.
Benjamin E. Blass Anil Srivastava Amy L. Faulkner James M. Ridgeway 《Tetrahedron letters》2004,45(6):1275-1277
The solid-phase synthesis of a series of imidazo[1,2-b]pyrazol-2-ones, an interesting 5,5-fused ring system, based on diverse set of hydrazine acids and malanonitriles is described. The method involves formation of 5-aminopyrazoles on solid support and subsequent cyclizative cleavage off the resin. Compounds were obtained in acceptable to excellent yields and are suitable for biological evaluation without further purification. 相似文献
4.
5.
How Focusing Phenomena in the Instructional Environment Support Individual Students' Generalizations
This article sets forth a way of connecting the classroom instructional environment with individual students' generalizations. To do so, we advance the notion of focusing phenomena, that is, regularities in the ways in which teachers, students, artifacts, and curricular materials act together to direct attention toward certain mathematical properties over others. The construct of focusing phenomena emerged from an empirical study conducted during a 5-week unit on slope and linear functions in a high school classroom using a reform curriculum. Qualitative evidence from interviews with 7 students revealed that students interpreted the m value in y = b + mx as a difference rather than a ratio as a result of counterproductive generalization afforded by focusing phenomena. Classroom analysis revealed 4 focusing phenomena, which regularly directed students' attention to various sets of differences rather than to the coordination of quantities. 相似文献
6.
We evaluate the practical relevance of two measures of conic convex problem complexity as applied to second-order cone problems solved using the homogeneous self-dual (HSD) embedding model in the software SeDuMi. The first measure we evaluate is Renegar's data-based condition measure C(d), and the second measure is a combined measure of the optimal solution size and the initial infeasibility/optimality residuals denoted by S (where the solution size is measured in a norm that is naturally associated with the HSD model). We constructed a set of 144 second-order cone test problems with widely distributed values of C(d) and S and solved these problems using SeDuMi. For each problem instance in the test set, we also computed estimates of C(d) (using Peña’s method) and computed S directly. Our computational experience indicates that SeDuMi iteration counts and log (C(d)) are fairly highly correlated (sample correlation R = 0.675), whereas SeDuMi iteration counts are not quite as highly correlated with S (R = 0.600). Furthermore, the experimental evidence indicates that the average rate of convergence of SeDuMi iterations is affected by the condition number C(d) of the problem instance, a phenomenon that makes some intuitive sense yet is not directly implied by existing theory. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
10.
Budde F Hamza AV Ferm PM Ertl G Weide D Andresen P Freund H 《Physical review letters》1988,60(15):1518-1521