DNA detection of chronic myelogenous leukemia by magnetic nanoparticles

A novel tool for the detection of BCR/ABL fusion gene in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) was developed by a magneto-polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-enzyme linked gene technique. The forward primers covalently bound to the surface of magnetic nanoparticles allowed a convenient separation of PCR products with high sensitivity (0.5 pg ml(-1)) and high specificity using K562 cell line and CML patients. The results were obtained when the biotinylated-reverse primer bound to streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and hydrolysed the substrate. This novel readout system was approximately 1000-fold more sensitive than the conventional agarose gel electrophoresis. The present technique is practical and useful for following up CML patients and for providing appropriate treatment, particularly to patients in remote areas.     

Flow-injection and sequential-injection determinations of paracetamol in pharmaceutical preparations using nitrosation reaction.

A simple FI and two different SI systems have been investigated for the determination of paracetamol by employing a simple reagent for a nitrosation reaction. It is based on the on-line nitrosation of paracetamol with sodium nitrite in an acidic medium. The formed nitroso derivative species reacts further with sodium hydroxide to convert it to a more stable compound. The yellow product is continuously monitored at 430 nm. The FI system is very simple and cost effective for fast manual operation (60 injections/h; y = 0.268x + 44.314, r2 = 0.9910 for 400 - 1000 mg/l and y = 0.1687x + 145.72, r2 = 0.9970 for 1000 - 2500 mg/l). The two SI systems with different components and configurations are automated and optimized for the conditions for which no extra dilution is to be required for sample handling: one with a syringe pump and two selection valves (60 samples/h; y = 0.1488x - 4.7297, r2 = 0.9946 for 400 - 1000 mg/l and y = 0.0858x + 63.933, r2 = 0.9849 for 1000 - 2500 mg/l); the other is simpler and more cost-effective, with an autoburette and only one selection valve (15 samples/h; y = 0.0072x + 1.1467, r2 = 0.9977 for 200 - 1000 mg/l and y = 0.0028x + 5.4699, r2 = 0.9879 for 1000 - 2500 mg/l). They have all been applied to assay paracetamol in pharmaceutical preparations. The obtained results agree with those by the US Pharmacopeia method.