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排序方式: 共有246条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
We investigate the dependence of the relaxation time of the current flowing in a nematic cell submitted to an external dc voltage on the physical properties of the substrate. We show that previously presented analyses of the same problem are not very useful for practical applications. We compare our theoretical predictions with experimental data, and show that the agreement is rather good. The influence of the adsorption-desorption phenomenon on the relaxation time is also discussed. 相似文献
2.
Grumelli DE Forzani ES Morales GM Miras MC Barbero CA Calvo EJ 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2004,20(6):2349-2355
The sulfonation of polyaniline (PANI) films by nucleophilic addition of sulfite ion has been controlled through the polymer oxidation state under electrochemical control. The process was monitored by in situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM), and the polymer oxidation was accomplished by electrode potential steps in sulfite aqueous solutions. The nucleophilic addition of sulfite to PANI only takes place on the oxidized polymer. From the ratio of added mass to the injected charge, the degree of sulfonation has been obtained with a yield as high as 50%. It has been observed that the ion-exchange mechanism during the oxidation-reduction process in the resulting sulfonated polymer is analogous to the polymer produced by electrophilic sulfonation of polyaniline or by copolymerization of aniline with aminosulfonic acids, unlike the ionic exchange observed for unmodified PANI. 相似文献
3.
4.
Summary. The reaction of 2-chloroisobutyrophenones and nitromethanide anion gives stereoselectively (E)-3-nitro allylic alcohols. The Gibbs free enthalpies of reaction in DMSO for carbanion addition, epoxide formation, and rearrangement to 3-nitro allylic alcohol, as elementary steps for the reaction, were estimated from corresponding neutral gas reactions and using a thermodynamical approach to the transfer of gaseous compounds to DMSO. A criterion for assigning the sign of affinity of liquid compounds to DMSO was developed on the basis of the Gibbs enthalpies of liquefaction. The information obtained on reaction rate and thermodynamic viability of the steps indicates that carbanion addition is the rate-determining step.In memory of Prof. Dr. M. Ballester, deceased on April 6, 2005 相似文献
5.
The mean square tilt angle of a nematic slab with finite anchoring energy and periodic boundary conditions has been theoretically investigated, as a function of the slab geometry and of the reduced extrapolation length. If the anchoring strength is free-surfacelike, the contrast is affected by a loss 10% at room temperature if the ratio between the anchoring pitch and the cell thickness is 0.5.Glossary
anchoring pitch
-
h
cell thickness
-
/h
- ( = x/, = y/h)
reduced coordinates
-
(, )
local tilt angle
-
elastic constant
- wa
anchoring energy anisotropy
-
b=/w
a
de Gennes-Kleman extrapolation length
-
B=b/h
reduced extrapolation length
-
T
NI
nematic-isotropic transition temperature
-
:=(T/T
NI
) – 1
reduced temperature
-
easy axis direction
-
MAX
-
±
2
mean square tilt angle along the boundary
-
()
absorbance coefficients of the p-dye
-
r
/: dichroic ratio
-
c
contrast
-
G
contrast gain
-
S
order parameter 相似文献
6.
Zusammenfassung Die allgemeine Verwendbarkeit von modifizierten Bentone-Kolonnen zur Trennung von aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen, insbesondere Polyphenylen, wird gezeigt. Trennresultate auf festen Caesiumchlorid-Phasen, die bis 500° C verwendbar und praktisch unbegrenzt haltbar sind, werden gegenübergestellt.Als Beispiele für die Trennung substituierter Aromaten werden bromierte Bi- und Terphenyle angeführt. Es wurden nur gepackte Kolonnen verwendet.
Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde im Rahmen des ReaktorforschungsprogrammsOrgel ausgeführt.
Die Fa. Progil, Lyon, steuerte unter Euratom-Kontrakt wesentliche Ergebnisse und dank langjähriger Erfahrung auf dem Gebiet der Polyphenyle wertvolle fachliche Diskussionen bei.
Die Autoren danken auch Herrn Dr. W.Keess, der als Euratom-Forschungspraktikant insbesondere mit der Ausarbeitung von Analysenmethoden für die leichtersiedenden Anteile der Polyphenylgemische beauftragt war. 相似文献
Summary The general utility of modified Bentone-columns for the separation of aromatic hydrocarbons, especially of polyphenyls, is shown. The separation results are compared with those obtained on solid cesium chloride phases which guarantee an almost unlimited duration of life, even up to 500° C. Mixtures of brominated bi- and terphenyls figure as examples for the separation of substituted aromatics. Packed columns have been used exclusively.
Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde im Rahmen des ReaktorforschungsprogrammsOrgel ausgeführt.
Die Fa. Progil, Lyon, steuerte unter Euratom-Kontrakt wesentliche Ergebnisse und dank langjähriger Erfahrung auf dem Gebiet der Polyphenyle wertvolle fachliche Diskussionen bei.
Die Autoren danken auch Herrn Dr. W.Keess, der als Euratom-Forschungspraktikant insbesondere mit der Ausarbeitung von Analysenmethoden für die leichtersiedenden Anteile der Polyphenylgemische beauftragt war. 相似文献
7.
Maxime Guitet Pinglu Zhang Filipa Marcelo Coralie Tugny Jesús Jimnez‐Barbero Olivier Buriez Christian Amatore Virginie Mouris‐Mansuy Jean‐Philippe Goddard Louis Fensterbank Yongmin Zhang Sylvain Roland Mickaël Mnand Matthieu Sollogoub 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2013,125(28):7354-7359
8.
Abstract In quasi-homeotropic oriented liquid crystal cells, obtained by oblique SiO deposition on glass and surfactant added to the nematic, a continuous tilt angle versus temperature change followed by an abrupt surface transition was observed. At room temperature, the sign of the tilt angle measured from the normal to the surface depends on the SiO deposition angle. A model for the temperature dependence of the tilt angle is proposed. 相似文献
9.
Abstract We present evidence for the flexo-electric effect in a hybrid aligned nematic cell containing 4-methoxybenzylidene-4'-n-butylaniline (MBBA) subject to d.c. excitation, by comparing the theoretical curve derived by including the flexo-electric term in the free energy with the experimental points. The agreement appears to be very good for MBBA doped with a small amount of an additive which shows reversible electrochemical reactions at very low redox potential; this allows us to determine the sum of the flexo-electric coefficients and the anchoring energy on the planar wall. For undoped MBBA the experimental results can be justified only by assuming a low voltage screening of the electric field, due to the presence of ionic impurities in the material. 相似文献
10.
Arenediazonium o-benzenedisulfonimides have been used as efficient electrophilic partners in Au(I) catalysed Suzuki coupling reactions. The synthetic protocol is general, easy and produced either biaryls or heteroaryl arenes in good yields (51 positive examples, average yield 80%). o-Benzenedisulfonimide was recovered at the end of the reactions and was reused to prepare the starting salts for further reactions. Mechanistic insights suggest that the o-benzenedisulfonimide anion act as an electron transfer agent and promotes a catalytic cycle which does not require the presence of photocatalysts or external oxidants. 相似文献