Studies of the compositions of Pd(II) hydrolysis products

The characterization of the clusters formed on alkaline hydrolysis of [PdCl₄]^2– was performed using¹⁷O,²³Na,³⁵Cl,¹³³Cs NMR and UV spectroscopy. The chemical composition of the clusters was found to be [Pd(OH)₂] _n ·nNaCl. No mononuclear oxo- or hydroxocomplexes were detected. The spatial structure of the clusters is stabilized by alkali metal cations.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 675–679, April, 1993.     

Thermal degradation of composites of poly(methyl methacrylate) with alkoxysilane hydrolyzates

Organic-inorganic composites of poly(methyl methacrylate) with alkoxysilane hydrolyzates form transparent films. Their thermal and oxidative thermal degradation were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis.     

Detection of a sulfur dioxide radio line ν∼131 GHz in the lower troposphere

We present the results of detection of the sulfur dioxide radio line ν∼131 GHz of anthropogenic origin in the lower troposphere emission. The methods and results of spectral radiometric studies of SO₂ content near its sources are described. Institute for Space Research, Moscow; Radiophysical Research Institute, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 40, No. 6, pp. 704–712, June, 1997.     

Structure of polynuclear palladium(ii) hydroxocomplexes formed upon alkaline hydrolysis of palladium(ii) chloride complexes

The structure of polynuclear Pd^II hydroxocomplexes (PHC) formed as a result of alkaline hydrolysis of Pd^II chloride complexes was studied by EXAFS, SAXS, and TEM methods. It is established that in aqueous solutions a hydroxocomplex particle is a filament curled into a ball containing about 100 Pd atoms. The filament consists of planar coordination squares of PdO₄ units linkedvia one or two oxygen bridges of different geometry. Aging of samples results in an increase in the number of single bridging ligands and a decrease in the diameter of particles. Interatomic distances around palladium atoms were determined.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimlcheskaya, No. 10, pp. 1901–1905, October, 1995.     

VI. Synthesis of Heterocyclic Analogs of γ-Aminobutyric Acid from 3,5-Dinitrobenzoic Acid

A series of 7-carboxy-3-R-1,5-dinitro-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]non-6-enes was synthesized by reduction of 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid with sodium borohydride followed by Mannich reaction with formaldehyde and primary amines. The mechanism of decomposition under electron impact of the 3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane was established. Enthalpies of formation of compounds synthesized were calculated by semiempirical PM3 method.     

Influence of UV Pretreatment on Thermooxidative Degradation of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Films with Fullerene C<Subscript>60</Subscript> or C<Subscript>70</Subscript>

Wariation of the concentration of fullerenes C₆₀ and C₇₀ in poly(methyl methacrylate) films under UV exposure in atmospheric oxygen was studied. The mechanism of the influence exerted by addition of some photostabilizing polymers and xanthene dyes on the photooxidative degradation of fullerene in the polymer matrix was analyzed.__________Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii, Vol. 78, No. 6, 2005, pp. 1038–1042.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Troitskii, Khokhlova, Konev, Denisova, Novikova, Lopatin.     

Optimum load and saturation characteristics of an infrared helium-neon laser

An experimental study is reported for optimum mirror transmission in a helium-neon laser for a wavelength of 1.15 and generation in several longitudinal modes. The results agree closely with calculations if homogeneous saturation of the line is assumed. This is also confirmed by radiated power for distances of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.9 m between the mirrors.In conclusion the author expresses thanks to V. V. Reshetnikov and A. K. Maslov for help in the experiments.     

Dependences of HTS tape critical parameters on fluences under irradiation with heavy ions and high energy electrons

Experimental data on the study of modifications of two types of the YBCO(123)-based composite tape under irradiation with electrons with the energy of 23 MeV and ¹³²Xe²⁷⁺ (167 MeV), ⁸⁴Kr¹⁷⁺ (107 MeV), and ⁴⁰Ar⁸⁺ (48 MeV) ions in a wide range of irradiation doses are presented. It is shown that no changes in the HTS transition temperature and critical current occurred under electron irradiation up to the dose D ≈ 10⁻⁴ disp/a (displacements per atom). The threshold dose of irradiation with ¹³²Xe²⁷⁺ ions, at which superconductivity disappears, is determined. In comparison with the initial value, the critical current of ⁴⁰Ar⁸⁺ ions is found to increase by ≈18% in the zero magnetic field at T = 77 K. This effect can be explained by the pinning centers for Abrikosov vortices induced by relatively small ion irradiation doses. High doses of heavy ions lead to partial or complete amorphization of a superconductor, which results first in a decrease in the critical current and transition temperature and then in a total disappearance of superconductivity. X-ray diffraction is used to study the changes in the crystal structure of the YBCO(123) superconductor under ion irradiation.