高锰酸钾氧化法对孤岛原油沥青质结构的研究

用高锰酸钾碱液对山东孤岛原油沥青质进行了分步氧化,其中有73.74%的碳转化为有机酸。对氧化产物水不溶酸及水溶酸先用乙醚后用甲醇分别进行了抽提。将乙醚抽出物经酯化后进行了色谱-质谱分析,水不溶酸乙醚抽出物的主要成分为C_(11)-C_(36)的正构脂肪一元酸,水溶酸的乙醚抽出物主要为芳酸及杂环化合物。对甲醇抽出物进行了红外光谱分析,水不溶酸的甲醇抽出物主要为脂肪族酸性物,水溶酸甲醇抽出物主要为芳香族酸性物。     

Decyloxyphenyl-substituted quinoxaline-embedded conjugated electrochromic polymers with high switching stability and fast response speed

Two novel decyloxyphenylquinoxaline-based donor-acceptor(D-A) electroactive monomers bearing dialkoxythiophene as the donor unit are synthesized using Stille coupling reaction. The corresponding polymers, poly[2,3-bis(4-decyloxyphenyl)-5,8-bis(3,4-dimethoxylthiophen-2-yl)quinoxaline](P1) and poly[2,3-bis(4-decyloxyphenyl)-5,8-bis(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxin-5-yl)quinoxaline](P2), are directly deposited onto the working electrode surface by electropolymerization. All materials were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR), mass spectrometry(MS), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), cyclic voltammetry(CV), ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrometry(UV-Vis) and spectro-electrochemical measurements. Electrochemical studies demonstrate that both polymers are capable of showing both reasonable n- and p-doping processes, and advanced long-term switching stabilities. 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene substituted for 3,4-dimethoxythiophene as a donor unit, which enhances the conjugated double-bond character of the conducting polymer, thus leading to a lower electronic band-gap. Likewise, the neutral state color of the synthesized polymer tuned from blue to blue-green corresponding to the red shift of the maximum absorption wavelengths in the visible region. In addition, kinetics study of P1 revealed 42%(595 nm), 30%(839 nm) and 69%(1500 nm) transmittance changes(ΔT%), while P2 exhibited 32%(740 nm), 71%(2000 nm) at the dominant wavelengths. It was also observed that both films could switch quickly between the neutral state and oxidation state, with the response time less than 1 s both in visible and near infrared regions.     

CA砂浆用乳化沥青助剂研究进展

助剂是CA砂浆用乳化沥青的重要组成部分,近年来随着我国高速铁路的快速发展,得到了广泛的应用。本文阐述了助剂对CA砂浆用乳化沥青及其制备CA砂浆的重要作用,详细介绍了CA砂浆用乳化沥青助剂的种类和分类、各种助剂对乳化沥青及其制备CA砂浆的性能影响及其作用机理,对CA砂浆用乳化沥青助剂的选择和协同作用进行了说明,并介绍了应用实例。另外,结合CA砂浆用乳化沥青的研究现状,提出了CA砂浆用乳化沥青助剂的未来发展方向。