BIOMARKERS INDICATING SEDIMENTARY PALEOENVIRONMENTS

Samples involved in this paper are 35 pieces of crude oils and 43 pieces of source rocks, from which a series of biomarkers, capable of indicating paleoecology and paleoenvironment. This will provide a scientific basis for tracing back to sedimenta-y paleoenvironment and paleoecology.     

中国陆相油气的形成和运移(Ⅱ)

本文(Ⅰ)着重研究了中国陆相湖盆沉积物中有机质向油气演化的过程.本文(Ⅱ)阐明了现代青海湖沉积物埋藏初期及早期成岩作用过程中有机质的演化特征.其结果表明陆相有机质大量开始向石油转化的深度随不同地区、不同时代、不同类型的有机质而异.最后,运用特征有机化合物、稀有气体同位素等资料,结合构造发展史阐述我国陆相油气运移的类型、规模和途径.指出近油源短距离是陆相油气运移的基本特征.     

Origin of Ketones in Sediments of Qinghai Lake

This paper analysed the ketone fractions in sediments and living organisms of Qinghai Lake using GC-MS and discussed their origin,n-Alkan-2-ones detected in the sediments ranged from C_(12) to C_(33) with a maximum at n-C_(25) or n-C_(29) and showed a strong odd predominance, n-Alkan-2-ones in the living organisms analysed ranged from C_(15) to C_(31) with a maximum at n-C_(27).The authors believed that ketones in modern sediments may directly derive from biosynthesis.     

发现于美国South Florida盆地的新生物标志化合物

笔者在对美国South Florida盆地Sunniland原油和Sunniland灰岩油源岩的有机地球化学研究中发现了11个系列的新生物标志化合物——芳基类异戊二烯,它们具有属同系列的特征离子m/z91+n14(n=0—10)。本文报道其中一个系列——2,3,6-三甲基苯基类异戊二烯系列——的分布特征及其有机地球化学意义,提出了两个新有机质热演化成熟度指标(∑HI/∑HII和∑HB/ΣHA),指出该烷基苯系列化合物是指示有机相和沉积有机质热演化成熟度的新生物标志化合物。     

美国Sunniland等地原油和油源岩中噻吩类化合物的对比研究

本文用色谱-质谱分析了美国南佛罗里达盆地Sunnliland原油和油源岩抽提物中的噻吩类化合物,并将它们与源自页岩的原油进行了对比,发现源自碳酸岩与页岩的原油有着不同的噻吩类化合物分布。结合其他地球化学参数,如:正烷烃、甾烷和萜烷,噻吩类化合物将是很有用的油-油和油-源对比工具。     

青海湖沉积物中醛的成因

本文用色谱质谱联用仪分析了青海湖沉积物和生物中的醛组分,并探讨了它们的成因。沉积物中检出的正烷醛为C_(16)—C_(32),主峰为C_(22),C_(24)或C_(26),具强烈的偶碳数优势。所分析生物中的正烷醛为C_(16)—C_(32),主峰为C_(24)或C_(26)。作者认为现代沉积物中的醛直接来源于生物合成。     

Origin of Aldehydes in Sediments of Qinghai Lake

This paper has analysed the aldehyde fractions in sediments and living organisms of Qinghai Lake using GC-MS and discussed their origin, n-Aldehydes detected in the sediments ranged from C_(16) to C_(32) with a maximum at C_(22) C_(24) or C_(26) and showed a strong even over odd predominance. n-Aldehydes in the living organisms analysed ranged from C_(16) to C_(32) with a maximum at C_(26) or C_(28). The authors believed that aldehydes in modern sediments may directly derive from biosynthesis.     

NOVEL BIOMARKERS FOUND IN SOUTH FLORIDA BASIN

Some 11 novel series of biological markers, aryl isoprenoids, have been found in Sunniland sedimentary organic matter (both oil and its source rock) of the South Florida Basin (USA). All of them have the same homologous key ions m/z 91+14n (n=0—10). In this paper, only one of these homologous series, 2, 3, 6-trimethylphenylisoprenoids, will be discussed organic-geochemically. Two new maturity indicators, ΣHⅠ/ΣHⅡ and ΣHB/ΣHA, have been put forward, and it is suggested that these novel biomarker compounds can be used as indicators of organic facies and maturity of sedimentary organic matter.     

青海湖沉积物中酮的成因

本文用GC-MS分析了青海湖沉积物和生物中的酮组分,并探讨了它们的成因。沉积物中检出的正构烷基-2-酮为C_(12)至C_(33),主峰为n-C_(25)或n-C_(29),具强烈奇碳数优势。所分析生物中的正烷基-2-酮为C_(15)至C_(31),主峰为n-C_(27)。作者认为现代沉积物中的酮直接来源于生物合成。     

中国陆相油气的形成和运移(Ⅰ)

本文总结了我国大量油田和地质、地球化学资料,从古气候、含盐量、沉积水动力、大地构造等各方面,论证了“陆相潮湿拗陷”是陆相油气形成的基本规律.指出:潮湿-半潮湿气候、地壳长期稳定下陷、淡水-微咸水介质、湖泊环流中心水动力平静区是油气形成比较有利的地带.并从中、新生代“陆相潮湿拗陷”的形成和发展,探讨了中国陆相油气田分布的一般规律.