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用真空电弧熔炼方法制备了Zr1-xScxMn0.6V0.2Ni1.2Co0.1(x=0~1)AB2型储氢合金,研究了Sc元素替代Zr对合金的微观组织结构、气态储氢及电化学性能的影响。研究结果表明,Zr1-xScxMn0.6V0.2Ni1.2Co0.1合金主要是由FCC型C15相、CsCl型结构的(ScZr)Ni相和少量的Ni10Zr7相组成,随Sc含量的增加,C15相丰度逐渐减小,(ScZr)Ni相丰度逐渐增加,当x=0.2时Ni10Zr7相基本消失;Sc元素对合金的首次气态吸氢动力学行为影响较大,随Sc含量的增加,合金吸氢动力学性能逐渐变缓,但吸氢容量逐渐提高,直至达x=1.0时的最大吸氢量1.87%;Sc元素对合金吸氢PCT曲线平衡氢压的影响规律不明显,随Sc含量增加,合金氢化物的形成焓ΔH从-26.66 kJ.mol-1逐渐减小到-8.14 kJ.mol-1。Sc元素的加入可明显改善合金电极的活化性能,提高放电容量,随Sc含量的增加,合金电极最大放电容量从x=0时的350.3 mAh.g-1增加到x=1时的429.8 mAh.g-1,呈先减小后增大的趋势,但电极容量的保持率S100随Sc含量增加而快速下降。 相似文献
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采用易操作且低成本的静电自组装方法, 在质子化的玻璃基片上, 通过交替沉积氧化石墨烯(GO) 和带正电荷的银纳米粒子(AgNPs) 获得少数层GO和AgNPs复合薄膜(AgNPs/GO). 采用紫外-可见光吸收光谱、 原子力显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对复合薄膜的生长和表面形貌进行了表征. 结果表明, 通过调控AgNPs 溶胶浓度和自组装循环次数, 可以获得AgNPs/GO/AgNPs 的三明治结构, 并在基底表面形成均匀的AgNPs 聚集体. 表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)研究结果表明, AgNPs/GO-4基底具有最佳的SERS性能, 其对罗丹明6G(R6G) 和结晶紫的平均拉曼增强因子分别为3.4×108和1.3×109, 对R6G的最低检测浓度约为10-12 mol/L. 多层三明治结构和较小颗粒间距使得AgNPs层之间产生强烈的耦合作用, 并在GO片层间产生大量的“热点”, 显著提高SERS性能, 而少数层GO具有强吸附性, 有利于分子在基底中富集, 从而起到化学增强作用, 提高SERS灵敏度. 相似文献
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高灵敏银纳米棒阵列对农药啶虫脒的表面增强拉曼散射快速检测 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The determination of pesticide residue on agricultural products is increasingly important.Exposure to pesticides can cause severe acute reactions in humans,including aplastic anemia and leukemia.In this work,we developed a rapid and sensitive method to detect acetamiprid pesticide residue based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering.Silver nanorod (AgNR) arrays were fabricated by oblique angle deposition technology and were used as SERS substrates.Prior to detection,the AgNR arrays were cleaned with nitric acid solution or a mixture of methanol and acetone.Compared to the unwashed AgNR arrays,the AgNR arrays washed with methanol and acetone shows a signal enhancement 1000 times greater than the unwashed AgNR array due to the effective removal of the impurities on its surface.The limit of detection of acetamiprid was determined to be 0.05 mg/L.In addition,the molecular structure of acetamiprid was simulated and the corresponding vibration modes of the characteristic bands of acetamiprid were calculated by density function theory.To demonstrate its practical application,the AgNRs array substrates were applied successfully to the rapid identification of acetamiprid residue on a cucumber''s surface.These results confirmed possibility of utilizing the AgNRs SERS substrates as a new method for highly sensitive pesticide residue detection. 相似文献
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