GEOCHEMISTY OF BICYCLIC ALKANES IN SEDIMENTS, COAL AND CRUDE OILS

By using GC-MS to analyze the extracts of source rocks, coal and crude oil samplesformed in different sedimentary environments in China, New Zealand and Australia, twenty-two compounds of five types of bicyclic alkanes have been dis covered in the samples. Thispaper makes an exposition of stereochemical structure, abundance and distributive features ofthese compounds and their relation to sedimentary environments and thermal evolution. Furt-thermore, it demonstrates how the abundance ratios of bicyclic alkanes to steranes and ter-panes, drimane to homodramane and the relative abundance of C_(15),C_(16),C_(12)-C_(14) series of bicyclic-alkane compounds can be used to judge and determine types of oil and gas forming environ-ments (the depositive environments of source rocks from which the oil and gas wereformed), characteristics of source rocks and degree of maturation.     

电化学检测器-离子色谱法测定沉积岩中微量溴

判断沉积物沉积环境的古盐度,对研究各类沉积矿藏的形成环境和成因机制极为重要,岩石中溴含量是判断陆相沉积盆地含盐量的指标之一。因此,溴的测定受到重视。文献报道了萤光素比色测定溴,但是,经验证明,该方法所测定的是溴碘含量,并存在着对常含有机质色素的沉积岩不适用和灵敏度低的缺陷。离子选择电极和电导检测-离子色谱法其测定下限仍为ppm级,而且不能消除大量Cl-的干扰。本文探讨了电化学检测器-离子色谱法测定沉积岩中微量溴的最佳条件。     

DIONEX-16型离子色谱仪的改装

离子色谱自70年代问世以来,由于在分析阴离子、变价元素以及某些有机化合物上,具有独特性,在国际上获得迅速发展。DIONEX-16型离子色谱仪虽是美国DIONEX公司1983年的产品,但此仪器的一些性能已属落后,例如,各系统承受压力低(小于600PSi);泵脉冲较大;微型泵卡盘组件是由金属制成等。因此,无法使用种类繁多的新型高效色谱柱和灵敏检     

原油、煤和沉积物中二环烷烃的地球化学意义

用GC-MS技术分析了中国、新西兰和澳大利亚不同沉积环境形成的原油、岩石和煤样抽提物中的二环烷烃。这些样品普遍含有C_(12)—C_(13),二环烷烃和C_(14)—C_(16)二环倍半萜化合物,共检出22个谱峰。本文讨论了它们的构型、丰度和分布特征及其与沉积环境和热演化的相关性;根据二环烷烃和二环倍半萜烷烃与甾、萜烷的相对丰度、C_(12)—C_(14)与C_(15)和C_(16)之间的相对丰度以及DHR值(补身烷与高补身烷的比值)可判识油气成因类型、形成环境、母源特征及成熟作用的程度。