球粒陨石的熔融分异过程和地球的初期演化

本文以陨石学和太阳系演化学的基本结论为依据,论证了地球原始物料是由与各化学群球粒陨石类似的多种星云凝聚物组成。通过球粒陨石的高压熔融实验,说明了球粒陨石在高温高压下经历了两次大的分异过程。在此基础上对地球的初期演化做出了讨论:原始地球由Fe-Ni内核和球粒陨石质的原始幔构成,原始幔的第一次分异形成了Fe-Ni-S(P,C)外核,第二次分异形成了不同成分的两种原始壳——富Si,Al质原始壳和富Ca,Al质原始壳。     

A New Method of Measurement for Elastic Wave Velocities in Minerals and Rocks at High Temperature and High Pressure and Its Significance

We developed a new method of measurement for elastic wave velocity of rocks and minerals at high temperature and high pressure in a wedge-type cubic anvil. The shear-wave and other ultrasonic wave can be identified by full wave phase analysis (FWPA), thus the velocities of compression-wave and shear-wave can be obtained in a single experiment. We have done the measurements of elastic wave velocities on pyrophyllite, etc. at high pressure (0.1—5.5 GPa) and high temperature (ambient temperature 1600℃), the ranges of the pressure and the temperature are in the head among the methods of the wave velocites measurement in laboratory in the world.     

地球早期分异过程中微量元素分配的模拟实验研究

本文通过枣阳球粒陨石(H_5群)高压熔融实验研究,分析并总结出一些微量元素在实验产物各相——金属-硫化物相、富硅铝熔体相和超基性熔体相之间的分配规律。探讨地球早期分异过程中微量元素的地球化学行为特征,得出一些微量元素在地球早期分异过程中的分配机理,并提出稀土元素的配分总趋势在地球演化初期就基本定型的观点。     

The Melting-Differentiation of Chondrite and Initial Evolution of Earth

On the basis of elementary knowledge of meteoritics and the theory of solarsystem evolution, the primary matter of the earth was proved to be composed of various nebular condensates similar to each group of chondrites.The melting-experiments of chondriteat high pressure show that chondrite undergoes two major differentiation stages under high temperature and high pressure.In accordance with these results,the initial evolution of the earth is inferred:the original earth consisted of Fe-Ni inner core and quasi-chondrite original mantle. The first differentiation of original mantle resulted in the formation of Fe-Ni-S(P,C) outer core, then the second differentiation of mantle created two types of original crust——Si, Al-rich and Ca, Al-rich.     

高温高压下测量岩石矿物波速的新方法及其意义

在紧装式六面顶高压装置上建立了一套新的高温超高压下弹性波速的测量方法。并应用全波震相分析方法对高温高压下横波和其它类型波的初至到时进行识别,因而能一次实验同时获得纵波和横波两种波速。已用该方法进行了叶蜡石等物质的高温高压下波速测量,所达到的压力(0.1—5.5GPa)和温度(室温—1600℃)范围在同类测量方法中居世界领先地位。